A generalized model for simulating lake ecosystems

Abstract

CLEAN, a generalized lake-ecosystem model with strong ecological realism, has been developed in response to one aspect of the growing need for models suitable for helping man to manage his environment. The model currently consists of twenty-eight ordinary differ ential equations which represent approximately six teen compartments, including attached aquatic plants, phytoplankton, zooplankton, bottom-dwelling aquatic insects, fish, suspended organic matter, decomposers, sediments, and nutrients. These equations can be linked in any meaningful combination to simulate a given point in a lake (a separate model for lake cir culation is available to represent spatial variations and to couple simulations of different regions of the lake). Subprogram functions exist for each principal physiological and ecological process, and a submodel for lake water balance is presently being implemented. The program is written in FORTRAN for UNIVAC and IBM time-sharing systems. The model has provided intuitionally realistic simu lations and has given us insight into the effects of nutrient enrichment on the functioning of the lake ecosystem as a whole. Sensitivity analysis has in dicated priorities for further studies to obtain more precise estimates of parameters. Also, evalua tion of the logic and organization of the model by experimenting with it are providing information to use in planning new experimental approaches. CLEAN is presently being tested using data from Lake George, New York, and Lake Wingra. Wisconsin.

Modelling ecosystem structure and trophic interactions in a typical cyanobacterial bloom-dominated shallow Lake Dianchi, China

“…The P/Q ratios of 0.05 and 0.3 were adopted for microzooplankton and macrozooplankton, respectively (Park, 1974;Li et al, 2009a,b).…”

The need for improved fishery management in a shallow macrophytic lake in the Yangtze River basin: Evidence from the food web structure and ecosystem analysis

“…For the groups of microzooplankton, cladocera, copepoda, 0.05 and 0.95 were adopted for the values of P/Q and EE (Park et al, 1974;Scavia et al, 1974). All the dietary compositions were modified from Liu (1999) with slight adjustments to balance the model if necessary.…”

Integrating GIS, Remote Sensing, and Mathematical Modelling for Surface Water Quality Management in Irrigated Watersheds

“…Then there were the modelling activities that focussed primarily on a better and more detailed description of the chemical-biological processes (Park et al, 1974;Chen and Orlob, 1975;Jorgensen, 1976;and others). From the survey of the literature many lake models have been applied in various regions, and as a result of several applications, models have become more and more complex.…”