A Generalized Anti-Interference Low-Ambiguity Dual-Frequency Multiplexing Modulation Based on the Frequency-Hopping Technique

Abstract

To improve the anti-interference performance and mitigate the autocorrelation function (ACF) ambiguity of dual-frequency multiplexing modulation, we propose a new type of modulation: frequencyhopping alternated binary offset carrier (FH-AltBOC) modulation based on the frequency-hopping technique. The new modulation is generalized and includes AltBOC modulation, so it inherits the advantages of AltBOC modulation while also exhibiting new properties, such as low ambiguity, low probability of intercept, and better anti-narrowband interference and multipath performance. We first establish the mathematical model, derive the autocorrelation function (ACF) and the power spectrum density (PSD) for the FH-AltBOC modulation. Next, we propose optimal parameters and present a generation and detection scheme. The acquisition time and acquisition complexity of the receiving process for the proposed FH-AltBOC signal are the same as those of the AltBOC signal with the same main-lobe bandwidth (MLB). Finally, we evaluate the performance of several representative FH-AltBOC and AltBOC signals. The results show that FH-AltBOC(24:1:1,1) has the lowest ACF ambiguity, the best anti-interception, anti-narrowband interference, and multipath performance among the considered signals. FH-AltBOC(24:1:6,1) realizes higher tracking accuracy, lower ACF ambiguity, and better anti-narrowband interference and multipath performance than AltBOC(15,10). FH-AltBOC can serve as a new signal design paradigm for global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and GNSS-like systems. INDEX TERMS Anti-interference, low-ambiguity, frequency-hopping alternated binary offset carrier (FH-AltBOC), satellite navigation.

Fundamental Limitations and State-of-the-art Solutions for Target Node Localization in WSNs

“…Medium access control level [142][143][144][145][146] The FH technique is employed for mitigating the effects of the IPCs. The information obtained in all the available channels is used for increasing the ranging accuracy, which will result in the improvement of the localization accuracy.…”

“…Recently, a fast frequency hopping (FH) technique has been employed not only for mitigating the effects of MPCs but also for reducing signal interference [142,144]. It has also been shown that, by increasing the number of subcarriers, the mitigation of the IPCs can be enhanced [146]. Although FH techniques are useful for mitigating the effects of MPCs, there are open issues that need to be carefully addressed such as hop impairments (e.g., phased offset and group delay), especially for time-based localization techniques [145,167].…”

Interferometer direction‐finding system with time‐division multiplexing of spread spectrum signals

“…Therefore, to avoid high-precision calibration and the increase in system complexity, multiple elements adopting the same hardware receiving channel can effectively solve the measurement accuracy problem caused by channel inconsistency. 6,7 In this article, an interferometer DF system based on spread spectrum signals is presented. The antenna receiving channel is simplified by multichannel time-division multiplexing.…”

“…The phase inconsistency of uncalibrated channels will lead to a decrease in measurement accuracy and even incorrect DF results. Therefore, to avoid high‐precision calibration and the increase in system complexity, multiple elements adopting the same hardware receiving channel can effectively solve the measurement accuracy problem caused by channel inconsistency 6,7 …”

Parameter estimation of multiple frequency‐hopping signals based on Bayesian compressive sensing and atomic norm soft thresholding with missing observations

“…Frequency-hopping (FH) signals are generated by varying the carrier frequency according to a pseudo-random pattern. Owing to their inherent advantages, namely a low probability of being intercepted, flexible networking capabilities, resistance to jamming and multipath fading, FH signals have become an appropriate choice and are widely used in satellite communications [1], wireless communications [2,3], physical layer security [4,5], smart grids [6,7], underwater communication [8,9], Internet of Things (IoT) technology [10,11], and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) [12,13]. In the fields of interference analysis and communication security, estimating the parameters of FH signals and tracking them is a highly challenging, but crucial, task when the hopping patterns are unknown.…”