A General Theory of Gender Stratification

Blumberg, Rae Lesser

doi:10.2307/223343

Cited by 225 publications

(223 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…According to the basic principles of the gender stratification theory [34][35][36], economic autonomy of women will increase their access to other kinds of power including sexual and reproductive health.…”

Section: Determinants Of Women's Decision-making Autonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of health care decision making autonomy among mothers of children under five years in Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey

Duah¹,

Adisah-Atta²

2017

Res J of Womens Health

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The important role of women's health care decision making autonomy in enhancing the well-being of women and their families cannot be undervalued. As such, this study sought to examine the determinants of health care decision making autonomy among mothers of children less than five years in Ghana using the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey dataset. A total of 5076 women were included in the analysis. Results showed that 75% of the Ghanaian women reported exercising health care decision making autonomy either alone (22%) or jointly with their partners (53%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that independent determinants of women's health care decision making autonomy were women's attainment of primary education (OR=1.52, 95%CI 1.1574 to 1.9861), secondary education (OR=1.46, 95% CI 1.1338 to 1.8784) or higher than secondary education (OR=2.20, 95%CI 1.2322 to 3.9547), women's ability to make decisions about their earnings alone (OR=2.42, 95% CI 1.7570 to 3.3391) or jointly with their partners (OR=9.85, 95% CI 6.7215 to 14.4364), and having a partner who has attained primary education (OR=1.5,95%CI 1.0876 to 2.0641) or secondary education (OR=1.5,95%CI 1.1740 to 1.9247). Therefore, encouraging women to pursue education, improving their earnings autonomy whiles promoting education of partners remains a comprehensive way of enhancing women's autonomy in health decision making in order to promote reproductive, maternal and child health. Keywords: Healthcare, decision making, autonomy, women, Ghana © 2017 Adisah-Atta et al; licensee Herbert Publications Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). This permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. IntroductionFemale healthcare decision-making autonomy is an area that has received attention by researchers due to its growing importance from both human rights and healthcare outcomes perspectives. Generally, autonomy can be defined as having the ability to acquire information and arrive at decisions regarding one's own personal problems [1]. Health decision making autonomy is very critical for the health of women. For example, Alemayehu and Meskele [2] noted that the ability of a woman to visit health care facilities and receive treatment is somewhat dependent on their ability to take personal decisions. However, societal norms, culture, gender roles, gender inequality, religious norms and other socio-cultural factors influence the way women live their lives in developing countries [3].Existing studies from developing countries have shown that women's autonomy in health care decisions is related to child's health, women's health, utilization of healthcare services and empowerment amongst others [4][5][6][7][8][9].Similarly, higher risk of malnutrition has been observed from households where women had little or no autonomy in making household decisions [10]. The abili...

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Section: Determinants Of Women's Decision-making Autonomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of health care decision making autonomy among mothers of children under five years in Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey

Duah¹,

Adisah-Atta²

2017

Res J of Womens Health

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“…Further, the demands of multiple roles reduces the likelihood that women will achieve a professional career "on the same terms as men," and reduces the likelihood that women can achieve parity in terms of status and wages in the public sphere (Lundberg 1996, p.117;Hook 2010). When women are unable to achieve a professional career on the same terms as men, they are less able to have economic power, which is essential in achieving gender equality in the household, and in greater society (Blumberg 1984;Hook 2010).…”

Section: The Negative Consequences Of Gender Inequality In Food Provimentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative food networks and food provisioning as a gendered act

Castellano

2014

Agric Hum Values

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Alternative food networks (AFNs) are exemplified by organic, Fair Trade and local foods, and promote forms of food provisioning that are 'corrective' to conventional agriculture and food (agrifood) systems. Despite enthusiasm for AFNs, scholars have increasingly interrogated whether inequalities are perpetuated by AFNs. Reproduction of gender inequality in AFNs, particularly at the level of consumption, has often been left empirically unexamined, however. This is problematic given that women continue to be predominantly responsible for food provisioning in the U.S., and that this responsibility can lead to negative physical, psychological and social outcomes. Using quantitative methods and data from the 2012 Ohio Survey of Food, Agriculture, and Environmental Issues, this paper examines the extent to which gender inequality in the division of labor is reproduced in AFNs by focusing on the potential persistence of gender inequality in food provisioning among AFN participants. Findings suggest that among AFN participants, particularly those utilizing local food systems, women, compared to men, remain predominantly responsible for food provisioning, spend more time in food provisioning, and engage in more food provisioning from scratch. This research confirms that food provisioning remains a gendered act amongst AFN participants, calling attention to the persistence of gender inequality in AFNs. The paper concludes by suggesting that AFNs are positioned as a place to create change, albeit small scale, in the gendered division of household labor in the U.S., and provides some practical suggestions for how this might occur.

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“…In research on household power within both industrialized and developing countries, wage income and family influence are closely linked, thus pointing to the importance of assessing women's employment opportunities (e.g. Boserup 1970;Blumberg 1984in Schultz, 1990). …”

Section: Background: Migration and Female Labor Supplymentioning

confidence: 99%

International Migration And Gender Differentials In The Home Labor Market: Evidence From Albania

Mendola¹,

Carletto²

2009

Policy Research Working Papers

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This paper examines the role of male-dominated international migration in shaping labor market outcomes by gender in migrant-sending households in Albania. Using detailed information on family migration experience from the latest Living Standards Measurement Study (LSMS) survey, we find that male and female labor supplies respond differently to current and past migration episodes of household members. Controlling for the potential endogeneity of migration and for the income (remittances) effect, estimates show that having a migrant abroad decreases female paid labor supply while increasing unpaid work. On the other hand, women with household members with past migration experience are significantly more likely to engage in self-employment and less likely to supply unpaid work. The same relationships do not hold for men. These findings suggest that over time male-dominated Albanian migration may lead to women's empowerment in the access to income-earning opportunities at origin.

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A General Theory of Gender Stratification

Cited by 225 publications

References 17 publications

Determinants of health care decision making autonomy among mothers of children under five years in Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey

Determinants of health care decision making autonomy among mothers of children under five years in Ghana: analysis of 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey

Alternative food networks and food provisioning as a gendered act

International Migration And Gender Differentials In The Home Labor Market: Evidence From Albania

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