A General Switching Plan for Telephone Toll Service

Osborne, H. S.

doi:10.1109/t-aiee.1930.5055697

Cited by 15 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…The early growth of the network, in terms of both number of subscribers and geographical area, dictated the development of a comprehensive, nationwide network switching plan. H. S. Osborne (1930) devised a three-level switching hierarchy for interconnecting toll subscribers. The use of only three levels of switching resulted from the constraint that at most five trunk-links could be used for a given call without introducing unacceptable transmission distortion.…”

Section: Traffic Network Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operations Research at Bell Laboratories Through the 1970s: Part I

Dawson¹,

McCallum²,

Murphy³

et al. 2000

Operations Research

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This historical account of operations research at Bell Laboratories was drafted in the late 1970s when the authors were part of the Operations Research Center within Bell Laboratories at AT&T; it has not previously appeared in the open literature. We have added a few references to later publications that describe particular aspects of the period covered. Discussions of technological practices and organizational arrangements expressed in the present tense represent a viewpoint of about 1980, before “divestiture” split up the Bell System. The principal topics in this issue of Operations Research are the organizational history, and teletraffic theory and engineering. Upcoming issues of Operations Research will include parts II and III of this account, comprising capacity expansion in telephone networks, operations analysis, applied statistics, and related OR activities. A comprehensive table of contents for parts I, II, and III can be found in the Online Collection of the Operations Research Home Page, at www.informs.org/pubs .

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Section: Traffic Network Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operations Research at Bell Laboratories Through the 1970s: Part I

Dawson¹,

McCallum²,

Murphy³

et al. 2000

Operations Research

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A Transmission System for Teletypewriter Exchange Service*

Pierce¹,

Bemis²

1936

Bell System Technical Journal

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A nationwide transmission system has been established in the United States for teletypewriter exchange service by means of which 2‐way communication between teletypewriter subscribers can be established in a time comparable to that required for long distance telephone service. A brief description of the principle of operation of teletypewriters is included in this paper as an introduction to the discussion of the transmission requirements and the plan of the present system.

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Automatic Switching for Nationwide Telephone Service

Clark¹,

Osborne²

1952

Bell System Technical Journal

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A plan for automatic long distance switching, which will ultimately embrace the entire area of the United States and extend into Canada and perhaps Mexico, has been formulated and important steps have been taken toward its realization. The plan contemplates that when a telephone customer places a call with a long distance operator, this operator will be able to establish a connection to any desired telephone simply by playing a 10 or 11 digit code into an automatic mechanism. She will receive distinctive signals when the called telephone answers or when the telephone or the toll circuits are busy. She will completely control the establishment of the connection and will have available to her the information necessary for proper billing of the call. The plan also contemplates that telephone customers will ultimately be able to dial long distance calls themselves, wherever may be the locations of the calling and called telephones.

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A General Switching Plan for Telephone Toll Service

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Operations Research at Bell Laboratories Through the 1970s: Part I

Operations Research at Bell Laboratories Through the 1970s: Part I

A Transmission System for Teletypewriter Exchange Service*

Automatic Switching for Nationwide Telephone Service

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