A General Strategy for the Preparation of Hollow Carbon Nanocages by NH₄Cl‐Assisted Low‐Temperature Heat Treatment

Abstract

Empty cages: Iron/graphite core–shell nanoparticles are produced by pyrolysis of a mixture of acetylene and iron carbonyl. Then, the core–shell nanoparticles are heat treated in the range of 300–500 °C in the presence of NH4Cl. After filtration in water, the trapped iron particles are completely removed and hollow carbon nanocages with a good graphitic structure are obtained (see graphic).

N-doped carbon nanocages with high catalytic activity and durability for oxygen reduction

“…1, S1c, S1d and S2 †). Compared with the CNCs reported in our previous study, [23][24][25] the present NCNC had a smaller cage size with a thinner graphitic shell, resulting from the lower reaction temperature and higher content of Fe(CO) 5 in the precursor.…”

Lignin based synthesis of carbon nanocages assembled from graphitic layers with hierarchical pore structure

“…To date, various carbon sources, such as ethanol, acetylene and pyridine have been developed to fabricate CNCs [6][7][8][9][10]. However, most of these carbon sources are related to fossil fuels, which are restricted by flammability, explosiveness and low controllability and may be insufficient in near future.…”

Unexpected Penetration of CO Molecule into Zeolitic Micropores Almost Plugged by CuCl via π-Complexation of CO-CuCl

“…During solid-state ion exchange, the Cu(I) ions in the CuCl additive migrate so as to occupy cationic sites in the zeolite Y framework of NH 4 Y, liberating NH 4 + ions, which react with residual chlorines to form the NH 4 Cl salt. The NH 4 Cl byproduct can be easily sublimated at temperatures above 250 °C . The theoretical maximum achievable loading amount for Cu(I) ions occurs when approximately stoichiometric NH 4 -form of zeolite Y is mixed with 24.6 wt % CuCl, as shown in eq . ( NH 4 ) 56 false[ normalAl 56 normalSi 136 normalO 384 false] : 250 H 2 O + 56 CuCl ↔ ( C u ) 56 false[ normalAl 56 normalSi 136 normalO 384 false] : 250 H 2 O + 56 NH 4 Cl …”