A General Soft‐Chemistry Route to Perovskites and Related Materials: Synthesis of BaTiO3, BaZrO3, and LiNbO3 Nanoparticles

Lithium niobate has been chosen as a model system for spectroscopic studies of the influence of different structural forms and preparation routes of an ionic conductor on its ion transport properties. The Li diffusivity in nanocrystalline LiNbO 3 , prepared either mechanically by high-energy ball-milling or chemically by a sol-gel route, was studied by means of impedance and solid state 7 Li NMR spectroscopy. The Li diffusivity turned out to be strongly correlated with the different grain boundary microstructures of the two nanocrystalline samples and with the degree of disorder introduced during preparation, as seen especially by HRTEM and EXAFS. Although in both samples nanostructuring yields an enhancement of the Li diffusivity compared to that in coarse grained LiNbO 3 , the Li diffusivity in ball-milled LiNbO 3 is much higher than in chemically prepared nanocrystalline LiNbO 3 . The former LiNbO 3 sample has a large volume fraction of highly disordered interfacial regions which seem to be responsible for fast Li diffusion and to have a structure being very similar to that of the amorphous form. This is in contrast to the chemically prepared sample where those regions have a smaller volume fraction.

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“…Quite recently, Niederberger et al 41 reported similar results for LiNbO 3 prepared by a soft-chemistry route.…”

Section: Impedance Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 69%

NMR and impedance studies of nanocrystalline and amorphous ion conductors: lithium niobate as a model system

et al. 2007

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“…Some groups have reported the possibility of synthesizing LNB nanoparticles by wet-chemical methods [5][6][7][8], but recently the possibility of achieving this goal by milling was also demonstrated [9], this method being cheaper and easier to transfer to industrial production than chemical synthesis. In this way, Fe-and Cu-doped nanoparticles with particle size in the range of 10-100 nm have been obtained, and fhey have been used to form stable suspensions in heptane, allowing the fabrication of new hybrid materials [9][10][11].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and characterization of stable aqueous suspensions of up-converting Er3+/Yb3+-doped LiNbO3 nanocrystals

Villegas¹,

Caballero²,

Quintanilla

et al. 2011

Appl. Phys. B

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The preparation of LiNb03:Er 3+ /Yb 3+ nanocrystals and their up-conversion properties have been studied. It is demonstrated that polyethyleneimine-(PEÍ) assisted dispersión procedures allow obtaining stable aqueous LiNbÜ3 :Er 3+ /Yb 3+ powder suspensions, with average size particles well below the micron range (100-200 nm) and the isoelectric point of the suspensión reaching valúes well above pH 7. After excitation of Yb 3+ ions at a wavelengfh of 980 nm, the suspensions exhibit efflcient, and stable, IRto-visible (green and red) up-conversion properties, easily observed by the naked eye, very similar to those of the starting crystalline bulk material.

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“…Hydrothermal method is one of the most popular approaches to obtain the perovskite nanostructures directly from solution, but the synthesis process is often conducted at elevated temperature (typically 100-280 ℃) and/or under relatively high pressure to improve the crystallinity of the products. To further simplify the process and lower the processing temperature and pressure, several routs have been achieved [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Even more, perovskite structured nanocrystals with much complicated compositions have been developed based on above research works to develop new functional ceramics [13][14][15][16][17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new sintering approach to ceramics at low temperature from Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 nanoparticles doped by ZnO

Guo

Luo

et al. 2016

J Adv Ceram

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Abstract:The sintering temperature decreases theoretically with the grain size of the ceramic powders, but it is not always right for fine grain sized nanopowders due to the inevitable agglomerations, and thus pores are hard to eliminate thoroughly during sintering. To overcome this difficulty, a new approach is designed to sintering ceramics at low temperature from nanoparticles. In this scheme, excessive dopants, such as ZnO, are synthesized into the nanoparticles, and they would be liberated again on the surfaces of the grains at high temperature as sintering aids homogenously to promote densification. Here, we compared the ceramic sintering of ZnO-doped barium zirconate titanate (BaZr x Ti 1x O 3 , BZT) nanoparticles with BZT nanoparticles using ZnO as additive at 1150 ℃. Both kinds of nanoparticles were directly synthesized by the same process at room temperature and yielded the same initial grain size of ~10 nm. The dense BZT ceramic with relative density of 99% was fabricated from the 2 mol% ZnO-doped nanoparticles. On the other hand, the porous BZT ceramic with density of 78% was obtained from nanoparticles with 2 mol% ZnO as additive. Therefore, our strategy to ceramic sintering at low temperature from nanoparticles was confirmed.

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A General Soft‐Chemistry Route to Perovskites and Related Materials: Synthesis of BaTiO₃, BaZrO₃, and LiNbO₃ Nanoparticles

Abstract: Perovskites and related compounds are one of the most widely investigated classes of materials in solid-state chemistry because of their ferroelectric properties, which find a wide variety of applications in nonlinear optics, thin-film capaci-

Cited by 280 publications

References 21 publications

NMR and impedance studies of nanocrystalline and amorphous ion conductors: lithium niobate as a model system

NMR and impedance studies of nanocrystalline and amorphous ion conductors: lithium niobate as a model system

Preparation and characterization of stable aqueous suspensions of up-converting Er3+/Yb3+-doped LiNbO3 nanocrystals

A new sintering approach to ceramics at low temperature from Ba(ZrxTi1-x)O3 nanoparticles doped by ZnO

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