A general method to synthesis of amphiphilic colloidal nanoparticles of CdS and noble metals

Wei, Guanwei; Wen, Fei; Zhang, Xu; Zhang, Wangqing; Jiang, Xiaowei; Zheng, Peiwen; Shi, Linqi

doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2007.07.042

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Styrene (St, >98%, Tianjin Chemical Company) was distilled under vacuum before being used. Benzyl dithiobenzoate (BDTB) was synthesized as discussed elsewhere 58, 59. 4‐Vinylpyridine (4VP, Acros, 96%) was distilled under reduced pressure prior to use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion RAFT polymerization of 4‐vinylpyridine in toluene mediated with the macro‐RAFT agent of polystyrene dithiobenzoate: Effect of the macro‐RAFT agent chain length and growth of the block copolymer nano‐objects

Dan

Huo

Zhang

et al. 2013

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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The dispersion reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine in toluene in the presence of the polystyrene dithiobenzoate (PS-CTA) macro-RAFT agent with different chain length is discussed. The RAFT polymerization undergoes an initial slow homogeneous polymerization and a subsequent fast heterogeneous one. The RAFT polymerization rate is dependent on the PS-CTA chain length, and short PS-CTA generally leads to fast RAFT polymerization. The dispersion RAFT polymerization induces the self-assembly of the in situ synthesized polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinylpyridine) block copolymer into highly concentrated block copolymer nano-objects. The PS-CTA chain length exerts great influence on the particle nucleation and the size and morphology of the block copolymer nanoobjects. It is found, short PS-CTA leads to fast particle nuclea-tion and tends to produce large-sized vesicles or large-compound micelles, and long PS-CTA leads to formation of smallsized nanospheres. Comparison between the polymerizationinduced self-assembly and self-assembly of block copolymer in the block-selective solvent is made, and the great difference between the two methods is demonstrated. The present study is anticipated to be useful to reveal the chain extension and the particle growth of block copolymer during the RAFT polymerization under dispersion condition. V C 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 1573-1584 Self-assembly or micellization of amphiphilic block copolymer in the block-selective solvent is a general method to prepare block copolymer nano-objects. [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46] By tuning the chain length of the hydrophilic or the hydrophobic block and/or the solvent character such as the solvent polarity, 36-38,41-43 temperature, 44,45 and pH, 45,46 various block copolymer nano-objects including micelles, vesicles, rods and large compound micelles (LCMs) can be prepared in the Additional Supporting Information may be found in the online version of this article.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion RAFT polymerization of 4‐vinylpyridine in toluene mediated with the macro‐RAFT agent of polystyrene dithiobenzoate: Effect of the macro‐RAFT agent chain length and growth of the block copolymer nano‐objects

Dan

Huo

Zhang

et al. 2013

J. Polym. Sci. A Polym. Chem.

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“…Bottlebrush polymers with thiol-terminated PNIPAAM side-chains are soluble in water and may be useful for biomedical applications 15,16 or for the preparation of polymergold nanoparticle composite materials. 17,18 Results and discussion…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermoresponsive PNIPAAM bottlebrush polymers with tailored side-chain length and end-group structure

ShamsiJazeyi

Pesek

et al. 2014

Soft Matter

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We explore the phase behaviour, solution conformation, and interfacial properties of bottlebrush polymers with side-chains comprised of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAM), a thermally responsive polymer that exhibits a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water. PNIPAAM bottlebrush polymers with controlled side-chain length and side-chain end-group structure are prepared using a "grafting-through" technique. Due to reduced flexibility of bottlebrush polymer side-chains, side-chain end-groups have a disproportionate effect on bottlebrush polymer solubility and phase behaviour. Bottlebrush polymers with a hydrophobic end-group have poor water solubilities and depressed LCSTs, whereas bottlebrush polymers with thiol-terminated side-chains are fully water-soluble and exhibit an LCST greater than that of PNIPAAM homopolymers. The temperature-dependent solution conformation of PNIPAAM bottlebrush polymers in D2O is analyzed by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and data analysis using the Guinier-Porod model shows that the bottlebrush polymer radius decreases as the temperature increases towards the LCST for PNIPAAM bottlebrush polymers with relatively long 9 kg mol(-1) side-chains. Above the LCST, PNIPAAM bottlebrush polymers can form a lyotropic liquid crystal phase in water. Interfacial tension measurements show that bottlebrush polymers reduce the interfacial tension between chloroform and water to levels comparable to PNIPAAM homopolymers without the formation of microemulsions, suggesting that bottlebrush polymers are unable to stabilize highly curved interfaces. These results demonstrate that bottlebrush polymer side-chain length and flexibility impact phase behavior, solubility, and interfacial properties.

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“…The monomers of styrene (St, >98%, Tianjin Chemical Company) and 4‐vinylpyridine (4VP, 96%, Alfa) were distilled under reduced pressure and stored at −5 °C before being used. Benzyl dithiobenzoate (BDTB) was synthesized as discussed elsewhere . The initiator of 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN, >99%, Tianjin Chemical Company) was recrystallized from ethanol prior to use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of Polystyrene‐block‐Poly(4‐vinylpyridine) Ellipsoids through Macro‐RAFT‐Agent‐Mediated Dispersion Polymerization: The Solvent Effect on the Morphology of the In Situ Synthesized Block Copolymer Nanoobjects

Liu

Gao

Ding

et al. 2015

Macro Chemistry & Physics

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The solvent character affecting the morphology of the block copolymer nanoobjects prepared through the macro-RAFT-agent-mediated dispersion polymerization is discussed. It is found that, in the polystyrene macro-RAFT-agent-mediated dispersion polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine in the solvent of the toluene/cyclohexane mixture, the toluene/cyclohexane weight ratio in the polymerization solvent highly affected the morphology of the in situ synthesized polystyrene-block -poly(4-vinylpyridine) (PS-b -P4VP) nanoobjects, and nanospheres are formed in pure toluene and ellipsoids are formed in the toluene/cyclohexane mixture containing 10-20 wt% cyclohexane, respectively. The formation of the PS-b -P4VP ellipsoids is explored by checking the polymerization kinetics and the morphology of the in situ synthesized PS-b -P4VP nanoobjects at different monomer conversion. It was revealed that the formation of ellipsoids is possibly through the nanosphere-nanosphere fusion and/or the nanosphere-to-rod transition with the extension of the poly(4-vinylpyridine) block during the dispersion reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. This study demonstrates that tuning the solvent character may be a promising method to tune the morphology of block copolymer nanoobjects under dispersion RAFT polymerization condition.

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A general method to synthesis of amphiphilic colloidal nanoparticles of CdS and noble metals

Cited by 15 publications

References 26 publications

Dispersion RAFT polymerization of 4‐vinylpyridine in toluene mediated with the macro‐RAFT agent of polystyrene dithiobenzoate: Effect of the macro‐RAFT agent chain length and growth of the block copolymer nano‐objects

Dispersion RAFT polymerization of 4‐vinylpyridine in toluene mediated with the macro‐RAFT agent of polystyrene dithiobenzoate: Effect of the macro‐RAFT agent chain length and growth of the block copolymer nano‐objects

Thermoresponsive PNIPAAM bottlebrush polymers with tailored side-chain length and end-group structure

Synthesis of Polystyrene‐block‐Poly(4‐vinylpyridine) Ellipsoids through Macro‐RAFT‐Agent‐Mediated Dispersion Polymerization: The Solvent Effect on the Morphology of the In Situ Synthesized Block Copolymer Nanoobjects

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