A General Method for Transition Metal Single Atoms Anchored on Honeycomb‐Like Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanosheets

Zhang, Xiaoyan; Zhang, Shan; Yang, Yong; Wang, Liguang; Mu, Zijie; Zhu, Haishuang; Zhu, Xiaoqing; Xing, Huanhuan; Xia, Hongyin; Huang, Bolong; Li, Jing; Guo, Shaojun; Wang, Erkang

doi:10.1002/adma.201906905

Cited by 175 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…For example, as shown in Figure 3(d) , a KCl-assisted method was developed to prepare single-atom Co catalyst [ 54 ], in which a thin layer of ZIF-67 containing Co precursor grew on the surface of KCl particles, followed by annealing under argon at 750°C for 2 h and washing with diluted HCl and H 2 O to remove KCl template. With NaCl as the template, glucose as the carbon source, and FeCl 3 as the Fe precursor, Zhang et al prepared a single-atom Fe 1 -HNC-500-850 catalyst [ 68 – 70 ]. By mixing NaCl, glucose, and FeCl 3 in water followed by freeze drying, grinding, and pyrolyzing under NH 3 at 500°C and Ar at 850°C, single-atom FeN 4 sites were anchored on honeycomb-like nanosheets (Fe 1 -HNC-500-850).…”

Section: Synthetic Methods For Saecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2020

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Oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) plays significant roles in electrochemical energy storage and conversion systems as well as clean synthesis of fine chemicals. However, the ORR process shows sluggish kinetics and requires platinum-group noble metal catalysts to accelerate the reaction. The high cost, rare reservation, and unsatisfied durability significantly impede large-scale commercialization of platinum-based catalysts. Single-atom electrocatalysts (SAECs) featuring with well-defined structure, high intrinsic activity, and maximum atom efficiency have emerged as a novel field in electrocatalytic science since it is promising to substitute expensive platinum-group noble metal catalysts. However, finely fabricating SAECs with uniform and highly dense active sites, fully maximizing the utilization efficiency of active sites, and maintaining the atomically isolated sites as single-atom centers under harsh electrocatalytic conditions remain urgent challenges. In this review, we summarized recent advances of SAECs in synthesis, characterization, oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance, and applications in ORR-related H2O2 production, metal-air batteries, and low-temperature fuel cells. Relevant progress on tailoring the coordination structure of isolated metal centers by doping other metals or ligands, enriching the concentration of single-atom sites by increasing metal loadings, and engineering the porosity and electronic structure of the support by optimizing the mass and electron transport are also reviewed. Moreover, general strategies to synthesize SAECs with high metal loadings on practical scale are highlighted, the deep learning algorithm for rational design of SAECs is introduced, and theoretical understanding of active-site structures of SAECs is discussed as well. Perspectives on future directions and remaining challenges of SAECs are presented.

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Section: Synthetic Methods For Saecsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

2020

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“…DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000896 photochemical reduction, and atomic-layer deposition. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Meanwhile, many potential applications are explored. [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] However, some challenges still remain in the research direction of SAS catalysts.…”

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confidence: 99%

Gram‐Scale Synthesis of High‐Loading Single‐Atomic‐Site Fe Catalysts for Effective Epoxidation of Styrene

et al. 2020

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Single‐atomic‐site (SAS) catalysts, a new frontier of catalysts, always show extremely high atom efficiency and unexpected catalytic properties. Herein, a pyrolyzing coordinated polymer (PCP) strategy is developed, which is facile and widely applicable in the synthesis of a series of SAS catalysts including SAS‐Fe, SAS‐Ni, SAS‐Cu, SAS‐Zn, SAS‐Ru, SAS‐Rh, SAS‐Pd, SAS‐Pt, and SAS‐Ir. The as‐obtained SAS catalysts can be easily synthesized at gram scale and the metal loading of SAS‐Fe catalysts achieves a record value of 30 wt%, which meets the requirement of practical applications. Moreover, it is discovered that SAS‐Fe catalysts show unprecedented catalytic performance for epoxidation of styrene using O2 as the only oxidant (yield: 64%; selectivity: 89%), while Fe nanoparticles and ironporphyrin are inactive. This discovery is believed to pave the way for exploiting the unparalleled properties of SAS catalysts and promoting their industrial applications.

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“…The achieved Fe/N/C catalyst also exhibited superior ORR performance with E 1/2 of 0.803 and 0.918 V in acidic and basic media, respectively. A similar synthetic approach had also been applied by Li's group [111] to generate a series of M/N/C catalysts.…”

Section: Low-cost Scalable Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced transition metal/nitrogen/carbon-based electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications

et al. 2020

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The development of advanced transition metal/nitrogen/carbon-based (M/N/C) catalysts with high activity and extended durability for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is critical for platinum-group-metal (PGM) free fuel cells but still remains great challenging. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in two typical M/N/C catalysts (atomically dispersed metalnitrogen-carbon (M-N-C) catalysts and carbon-supported metal nanoparticles with N-doped carbon shells (M@NC)) with an emphasis on their potential applications in fuel cells. Starting with understanding the active sites in these two types of catalysts, the representative innovative strategies for enhancing their intrinsic activity and increasing the density of these sites are systematically introduced. The synergistic effects of M-N-C and M@NC are subsequently discussed for those M/N/C catalysts combining both of them. To translate the material-level catalyst performance into high-performance devices, we also include the recent progress in engineering the porous structure and durability of M/N/C catalysts towards efficient performance in fuel cell devices. From the viewpoint of industrial applications, the scale-up cost-effective synthesis of M/N/C catalysts has been lastly briefed. With this knowledge, the challenges and perspectives in designing advanced M/N/C catalysts for potential PGM-free fuel cells are proposed.

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A General Method for Transition Metal Single Atoms Anchored on Honeycomb‐Like Nitrogen‐Doped Carbon Nanosheets

Cited by 175 publications

References 33 publications

Recent Advances in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Recent Advances in Single-Atom Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Reduction Reaction

Gram‐Scale Synthesis of High‐Loading Single‐Atomic‐Site Fe Catalysts for Effective Epoxidation of Styrene

Advanced transition metal/nitrogen/carbon-based electrocatalysts for fuel cell applications

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