A General Approach to Porous Crystalline TiO₂, SrTiO₃, and BaTiO₃ Spheres

Abstract

Monodispersed porous crystalline TiO(2), SrTiO(3), and BaTiO(3) spheres were produced through a one-step hydrothermal process from amorphous TiO(2) spheres. The resulting samples were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and nitrogen sorption measurements. On the basis of the characterization results, we proposed a formation process of these porous spheres according to a mechanism analogous to the Kirkendall effect. This study provides a general way to synthesize porous titania-based spheres.

A general process to synthesize self-assembled shell-like (Ca0.61, Nd0.26)TiO3 clusters

“…The first step leading to the condensation of the precursors involves the formation of an edge sharing dimmer between two octahedrons as shown in stage A of Fig. 6 [39,40]. During the initial stage, condensation takes place through olation reactions due to the higher liability of water with respect to -OH, -OC 4 H 9 , and monodentate and/or bidentate polyacrylate ligands.…”

Seismic Performance Analysis of Continuous Rigid Frame Bridges in Expressway under Non-linear Interactions of Soil-Piles

“…During dynamic time history analysis, initial state was defined to be dead load. Meanwhile, sufficient considerations were given to geological processes in axial direction and transverse direction of the bridge [8][9][10].…”

Recent Progress in Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cells Using Nanocrystallite Aggregates

“…The as-produced solid spheres then undergo a treatment in a designed solution that may etch the spheres and convert them to a mesoporous structure. [ 66 ] This method has been extensively reported recently for the preparation of TiO 2 mesoporous spheres for application to DSCs, demonstrating quite high efficiencies. [ 44 , 52 ] Speaking strictly, the mesoporous spheres fabricated with this approach is not exactly the same as the structure of nanocrystallite aggregates produced with a self-assembly or spray method discussed above.…”