A GCM Parameterization for the Shortwave Radiative Properties of Water Clouds

Slingo, A.

doi:10.1175/1520-0469(1989)046<1419:agpfts>2.0.co;2

Cited by 587 publications

(309 citation statements)

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“…The perturbations occur in the frequency range 8200 -57,600 cm À1 , which is also consistent with the wavelength range of the decreases in cloud ssa computed by Erlick et al [2001]. The cloud ssa values at all other frequencies are left at nominal values, computed using the Slingo [1989] parameterization (typical values mentioned in section 2). The properties of the middle-and high-level clouds are left unperturbed at all frequencies.…”

Section: Fickian Diffusion Scheme With Watersupporting

confidence: 80%

Sensitivity of the atmospheric lapse rate to solar cloud absorption in a radiative‐convective model

Erlick

Ramaswamy

2003

J. Geophys. Res.

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[1] Previous radiative-convective model studies of the radiative forcing due to absorbing aerosols such as soot and dust have revealed a strong dependence on the vertical distribution of the absorbers. In this study, we extend this concept to absorption in cloud layers, using a one-dimensional radiative-convective model employing high, middle, and low cloud representations to investigate the response of the surface temperature and atmospheric lapse rate to increases in visible cloud absorption. The visible singlescattering albedo (ssa) of the clouds is prescribed, ranging from 1.0 to 0.6, where 0.99 is the minimum that would be expected from the presence of absorbing aerosols within the cloud drops on the basis of recent Monterey Area Ship Track (MAST) Experiment case studies. Simulations are performed with respect to both a constant cloud optical depth and an increasing cloud optical depth and as a function of cloud height. We find that increases in solar cloud absorption tend to warm the troposphere and surface and stabilize the atmosphere, while increases in cloud optical depth cool the troposphere and surface and slightly stabilize the atmosphere between the low cloud top and surface because of the increase in surface cooling. In the absence of considerations involving microphysical or cloud-climate feedbacks, we find that two conditions are required to yield an inversion from a solar cloud absorption perturbation: (1) The solar absorption perturbation must be included throughout the tropospheric clouds column, distributing the solar heating to higher altitudes, and (2) the ssa of the clouds must be 0.6, which is an unrealistically low value. The implication is that there is very little possibility of significant stabilization of the global mean atmosphere due to perturbation of cloud properties given current ssa values.INDEX TERMS: 0345 Atmospheric Composition and Structure: Pollution-urban and regional (0305); 1620 Global Change: Climate dynamics (3309); 3359 Meteorology and Atmospheric Dynamics: Radiative processes; KEYWORDS: solar cloud forcing, radiativeconvective model, indirect aerosol effect Citation: Erlick, C., and V. Ramaswamy, Sensitivity of the atmospheric lapse rate to solar cloud absorption in a radiative-convective model,

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Section: Fickian Diffusion Scheme With Watersupporting

confidence: 80%

Sensitivity of the atmospheric lapse rate to solar cloud absorption in a radiative‐convective model

Erlick

Ramaswamy

2003

J. Geophys. Res.

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“…For the 1985 calculations, the distributions of cloud amount and optical depth from ISCCP (Rossow and Schi!er, 1991) are used. The asymmetry factor and single scattering albedo are calculated based on the relationship between e!ective radius and the optical properties in Slingo (1989). For the time evolution, the e!ective radius and the relationship in Slingo (1989) between e!ective radius and optical properties are used.…”

Section: Indirect Ewectmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The asymmetry factor and single scattering albedo are calculated based on the relationship between e!ective radius and the optical properties in Slingo (1989). For the time evolution, the e!ective radius and the relationship in Slingo (1989) between e!ective radius and optical properties are used. For the optical depth this relationship is…”

Section: Indirect Ewectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical evolution of radiative forcing of climate

Myhre

Myhre²,

Stordal

2001

Atmospheric Environment

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“…Since the band coefficients in Slingo's parameterization are the results of the linear weighting combination of the singlewavelength values, the Slingo's 24 band scheme can be projected on to other band schemes as follows [Slingo, 1989]: = 2 x,w,/E w,…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…where )('i represents the coefficients of ai, bi, ''' , fi in Table 1 of Slingo [1989], the sum implies the number of neighboring bands to be combined into band n in the new scheme, and w i is the band weight at the cloud top. Slingo's 24 band scheme is specified for low clouds with effective radius less than 15/•m.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%