IntroductionIn a previous paper [5], one of the present authors has worked out a theory of zeta functions of Selberg's type for compact quotients of symmetric spaces of rank one. In the present paper, we consider the analogues of those results when G/K is a noncompact symmetric space of rank one and Γ is a discrete subgroup of G such that G/Γ is not compact but such that vol(GjΓXoo. Thus, Γ is a non-uniform lattice. Certain mild restrictions, which are fulfilled in many arithmetic cases, will be put on Γ, and we shall consider how one can define a zeta function Z Γ of Selberg's type attached to the data (G, K, Γ).This will be attempted as in [5], by first defining, via the trace formula, the logarithmic derivative z Γ of Z Γ . The main reason why we get somewhere is the fact that in the case rank (GjK) = 1, the parabolic terms in the trace formula can be fully evaluated, for a spherical admissible function /, in terms of the spherical Fourier transform /. The computations necessary for this were performed by the present authors, and were reported in [21].For technical reasons, presently to be explained, we shall eventually exclude the case G = SU(2n, 1). Except for this case, our results for Z Γ are pretty satisfactory. We shall see that Z Γ is a meromorphic function. The location and orders of its zeroes and poles will turn out to contain topological and/or spectral information. It will also be seen that Z Γ enjoys a functional equation which involves not only the Harish-Chandra c-function (which determines the Plancherel measure of GjK) but also the determinant Ψ(s) of the intertwining operator M(s) which occurs in the