A gas-diffusion cathode coated with oxide-catalyst for polymer electrolyte fuel cells using neither platinum catalyst nor carbon catalyst-support

Review of carbon-support-free platinum and non-platinum catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells: will they feature in future vehicles?

“…The high loading of expensive and scarce Pt catalysts and the low durability of carbon supports are the major motivators to seek cathode materials utilizing neither Pt catalysts nor carbon supports. Conductive PGMs or their oxides can be used as carbon-support-free non-Pt catalysts, including the porous IrO 2 catalysts used by Takasu et al, 206 although Ir is extremely scarce in nature and much more expensive than Pt. 177 This section focuses on carbon-support-free non-PGM catalysts, which may be considered the ultimate catalysts.…”