A gain enhanced linear polarization switchable array antenna with switching diodes

Abstract

In this article, an array antenna possessing linear polarization switchable ability with enhanced gain is proposed by employing 4‐patch elements in square shape. The 4‐elements were arranged on the upper plane of the antenna where edge to edge distances were set to be 0.8λ of its operating frequency. The radio frequency signal was fed to energize the patch elements by means of a feed circuit which was realized by the both‐sided microwave integrated circuit technology. In addition, polarization switching is done by simply utilizing diode at the corner of the elements as switching elements to perform beam tilting. The incorporation of extra Magic‐T circuit to feed dc bias signal to the diodes helps to achieve improved isolation between feeding signal and the isolation was found to be less than −25 dB. The array antenna was designed to operate at 10.2 GHz and the dimensions of the patch elements was chosen to be 9.4 × 9.4 mm2. A Teflon glass fiber of 0.8 mm was used as the dielectric substrate having dielectric constant 2.15 while simulation. Later the proposed antenna was fabricated performance is validated experimentally. The measured S11 was found to be less than −15 dB at operating frequency with a neat measured gain of 13.1 dBi, higher compared with 7.1 dBi gain of single antenna, with minimized sidelobe levels of less than −10 dB. The crosspolarization for the radiation pattern was found better than 20 dB which was an excellent result. The measured polarization angle was found to be −44.24° and +46.20° for negative and positive bias respectively at operating frequency with a neat efficiency of more than 80% in its operating bandwidth. The proposed array antenna is a suitable candidate for the application in polarimetric Radar, X‐band radar, and polarization diversity applications for being lightweight in structure which was made possible using this novel technology. The antenna simulation is done by the advanced design system and the optimized along with experimental data are discussed in this article.

Low‐cost ultra‐wideband discrete SPDT switch for K–Ku band in automotive applications and fifth‐generation systems

“…In Figure 9, the application SPDT switch in V2X communication is shown. The importance of the SPDT switch circuit is defined in the control between the transmitter and receiver antennas, which is especially defined in the communication structure between the two cars 3–5 …”

“…The advancement of communication systems has resulted in a proliferation of antennas, now recognized as Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) systems. [1][2][3][4][5] The primary objective of employing MIMO is to enhance channel capacity, data rate, and various communication system parameters. 6,7 A crucial aspect of MIMO is the capability to switch between different antennas, which is vital for managing the connection between the transmitter, receiver, and antennas.…”

“…The advancement of communication systems has resulted in a proliferation of antennas, now recognized as Multiple‐Input Multiple‐Output (MIMO) systems 1–5 . The primary objective of employing MIMO is to enhance channel capacity, data rate, and various communication system parameters 6,7 .…”

A simple design and fabrication of polarization reconfigurable antenna for industrial scientific and medical-band applications

“…Nowadays, this modern period has witnessed a rapid development of communication technicality where microstrip [1]- [40] and reconfigurable antenna [4], [5], [7], [11], [13], [15], [16] possess a key role. Such types of antennas can change their behavior in real-time by means of an intermediate device that helps to increase system capacity by means of reusing frequency [8] and multipath fading [9] and dispels the possibility of polarization mismatch [10].…”

“…PIN diodes are normally used extensively as they are cheap in the market, easy to implement in the antenna structure and also have low insertion loss during fabrication of the antenna. As it provides several advantages over other switching elements, and many authors have proposed this in the recent year [7].…”