A GA-based Approach to Eco-driving of Electric Vehicles Considering Regenerative Braking

Abstract

As the deployment of low carbon transportation technologies, specifically electric vehicles (EVs), is increasing, the concept of their eco-driving is gaining significant attention. Contrary to the eco-driving techniques used in conventional internal combustion engine vehicles that do not have the capability of regenerative braking, this paper proposes a genetic algorithm (GA)-based eco-driving technique for EVs considering regenerative braking. In the proposed approach, the optimal or near-optimal combination of variables in the driving cycle of EVs is searched using GA. The proposed approach starts by generating an initial population of chromosomes, where all variables under consideration are encoded in each chromosome. This population of chromosomes is passed through crossover, mutation, and elitist-based selection over a certain number of generations, which results in a driving cycle with the least energy consumption. The proposed method is verified using two case studies. The results of the case studies show the capability of the proposed method in computing the minimum energy driving cycle.

Real-Time Implementation Comparison of Urban Eco-Driving Controls

“…Similarly, Li et al [52] used GA to group vehicles in compatible streams to provide a smoother traffic flow with the algorithm scaling favorably in comparison to DP. In recent studies [53], [54], [55], GA PTO methods were applied to both conventional and electric vehicles with results showing favorable fuel economy improvement for both types of vehicles. PSO was used in various studies to optimize energy consumption for individual vehicles [52], [56], [57], [58] and to streamline vehicle platoon behavior at intersections [59].…”

Energy-Saving Algorithm Considering Cornering Resistance of a Four-Wheel Independent Drive Electric Vehicle With Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) Information

“…Although the study based on the efficiency map was successfully applied to vehicles, it may not be easy to obtain a significant effect in the motor efficiency map using enhanced motor manufacturing technology. Another study related to vehicular driving motors to reduce the total energy consumption is the use of regenerative energy from the driving motor [13], [14], [15]. However, the study focused only on the amount of regenerative energy, without a detailed battery model.…”