A G-Quadruplex Hydrogel via Multicomponent Self-Assembly: Formation and Zero-Order Controlled Release

Abstract

Stimuli-sensitive hydrogels are ideal candidates for biomedical and bioengineering purposes, although applications of hydrogels may be limited, due in part to the limited choice of suitable materials for constructing hydrogels, the complexity in the synthesis of the source materials, and the undesired fast-then-slow drug-release behaviors of usual hydrogels. Herein, we describe the fabrication of a new supramolecular guanosine (G)-quadruplex hydrogel by multicomponent self-assembly of endogenous guanosine (G), 2-formylboronic acid (2-FPBA), and tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TAEA) in the presence of KCl in an easy and convenient way. The features of the G-quadruplex hydrogel include (1) versatility and commercial availability of building blocks with different functions, (2) dynamic iminoboronate bonds with pH and glucose responsiveness, and (3) zero-order drug-release behavior because of the superficial peel-off of the hydrogel in response to stimuli. The structure, morphology, and properties of the G-quadruplex hydrogel were well-characterized, and satisfactory zero-order drug release was successfully achieved. This kind of supramolecular G-quadruplex hydrogels may find applications in biological fields.

Supramolecular G4 Eutectogels of Guanosine with Solvent‐Induced Chiral Inversion and Excellent Electrochromic Activity

“…[14] Thechiral outcome has been confirmed to be reproducible across multiple samples.The Gquadruplex and G-quartet structures assembled by GB complex were further studied with FL spectroscopy,u sing thioflavin T(ThT) as aG4fluorescence probe. [15] As shown in the Supporting Information, Figure S14, the fluorescence intensity of ThT( 0.01 mm)i n3 %w /v supramolecular eutectogels was significantly enhanced compared to that in DES solutions,i ndicating the existence of ah igh concentration of G-quadruplex in the eutectogels. [15] Formation of the G-quadruplex was also confirmed by PXRD (Figure 2b).…”

“…[15] As shown in the Supporting Information, Figure S14, the fluorescence intensity of ThT( 0.01 mm)i n3 %w /v supramolecular eutectogels was significantly enhanced compared to that in DES solutions,i ndicating the existence of ah igh concentration of G-quadruplex in the eutectogels. [15] Formation of the G-quadruplex was also confirmed by PXRD (Figure 2b). Thedried ChCl/GL eutectogel exhibited aprominent peak at 2q = 4.38 8 (d = 20.5 )a nd 2q = 26.78 8 (d = 3.3 )w hich are associated with the diameter of asingle G-quartet length, and the characteristic p-p stacking distance between two planar stacked G-quartets,s uggesting the formation of G-quadruplexes.…”

Synthesis of pH‐responsive isolated soy protein/carboxymethyl chitosan microspheres for sustained pesticide release

“…The release mechanism of AVM under different pH conditions was further investigated, and the corresponding data parameters were fitted according to zero‐order, first‐order, Higuchi, and Korsmeyer–Peppas kinetic models . The zero‐order model describes the drug delivery system, which is independent of the initial concentration . The first‐order model means that the release of drug is proportion to the concentration .…”

Time-dependent Photodynamic Therapy for Multiple Targets: A Highly Efficient AIE-active Photosensitizer for Selective Bacterial Elimination and Cancer Cell Ablation

“…Virtually, cooperation of electrostatic attraction and hydrophobic effect plays a decisive role in this process. 48,49 On the one hand, electrostatic interaction serves as the driving force for possible recognition. The positively charged 4TPA-BQ can target bacteria and cells in sequence, due to the fact that the absolute value of negative surface charges is ranked as bacteria>cancer cells>normal cells.…”