A fuzzy rule-based and energy-efficient method for estimating the free size of parking places in smart cities by using wireless sensor networks

Using web services-based wireless sensor networks for estimating the free size of parking places

“…The only efforts that seem to estimate the free size of parking places are those in [1,2]. In specific, the authors introduce a method which supports the following features: 1) A FIS is implemented on each WSM whose output is the estimation of the free size of a specific parking place taking into account that a car may be placed in many positions, 2) the estimation error of the output of the FIS has been modeled by using real numerical data which was utilized in order to solve a data fitting problem, 3) the energy consumption of the battery of the WSMs has been modeled by using simulation results which was utilized in order to solve a data fitting problem, and 4) an optimization problem was solved in order to find the optimal values for the distance between the WSMs and the SP based on which the output of the FIS should be re-computed so as to simultaneously minimize the error of the FIS estimation and the WSM energy consumption.…”

“…Instead, a simple proprietary application protocol is used for exchanging measurements. The current work of this paper is based on the FIS algorithm implemented in [1,2] and aims to examine the impact that the aforementioned technologies have on WSNs.…”

“…The WSM closest to this parking place subscribes to event notification of these WSs by using the DPWS interaction patterns. Moreover, in order to compare the aforementioned WS technologies with an application-level proprietary one (according to [1] such an application uses message requests and responses with size volumes of 47 and 67 octets respectively), the energy consumption of such one application has been considered. In addition, a SP is defined for the periodic transmission of notification messages by the WSMs.…”

“…The usage of fuzzy inference systems (FIS) in order to solve the problem of the estimation of the free size of parking places using wireless sensor networks (WSN) has been already reported in the literature [1,2]. This feature enables backbone networks to inform drivers via Internet whether their vehicle can fit into a specific parking place or not.…”

Generic model for resource allocation in transportation. Application to urban parking management

“…Proposals using central information and sensing infrastructure include (Mackowski et al, 2015) and . In (Samaras et al, 2014), the authors use a method for estimating the free size of parking spots using wireless sensors. In France, the first experiment took place in Lyon in early 2009 with the OptiSur project (Giraudon et al, 2013).…”