A Functional Model of Nerve Repair: Reanastomosis vs Entubulation Repair

Shirley, Diane M.; Williams, Sherri L.; Covey, James F.; Santos, Perry M.

doi:10.1001/archotol.1996.01890190081018

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Much of the experimental design was influenced by Shirley et al who stimulated the TA by the peroneal nerve and used the contralateral side as a control in a nerve injury and repair model in the rat. 10 Although Shirley et al acquired twitch forces by measuring dorsiflexion of the ankle with a strain gauge, we examined maximum tetanic force by direct measurement.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3][4][5] In a hindlimb model of the rat, the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle is of significant interest due to its relatively large size, innervation by the peroneal branch of the sciatic nerve, and its mixed fiber-type composition. 6 The TA has been extensively studied with respect to biochemical characteristics between contralateral TA muscles [6][7][8][9] and twitch force in nerve repair 10 as well as isometric tetanic force for control group comparison 6,11 and for inter-specimen comparison. 6,12 Despite previous studies, few have taken into account the variables that affect isometric force measurement.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Isometric tetanic force measurement method of the tibialis anterior in the rat

et al. 2008

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Tetanic force measurements of rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscles have been described, but with a variety of stimulation parameters. This study presents a novel functional method of force measurement of the rat TA muscle and describes the optimization of stimulation parameters. Bilateral TA muscles in 10 male Lewis rats were attached to a force transducer after the corresponding hindlimb was fixed. Preload, stimulus intensity, duration, and frequency were optimized for each individual muscle and the isometric maximal tetanic muscle force was measured. The mean left side tetanic force as a percentage of the right was 100.0 +/- 4.4% and was statistically equivalent. Large standard deviations between sides (35-50%) were observed in the optimized parameters (preload, stimulus intensity, duration, and frequency). Optimization of the variables affecting isometric tetanic force resulted in reproducible and reliable side-to-side measurements of the TA muscle in the rat model.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isometric tetanic force measurement method of the tibialis anterior in the rat

et al. 2008

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“…Among these anterior crural muscles, the TA muscle is the most frequently used for functional assays because it is immediately beneath the skin, relatively large in size, and innervated with the peroneal nerve and its mixed fibre-type composition (Coombes et al 2002). Many studies have described TA muscle characteristics, such as the biochemical characteristics of contralateral TA muscles (Kauvar et al 2006;Zhou et al 2006), twitch force in TA muscles under nerve repair (Shirley et al 1996), and isometric tetanic force of normal TA muscles (Lovering et al 2005) and for interspecimen comparison (Lopes-Martins et al 2006). Among relevant studies, the method of evaluating TA muscle contractility is one of the most frequently discussed topics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toe-lift test: a novel, simple and noninvasive in vivo method for contractile evaluation of tibialis anterior muscle

Tsai¹,

Lo²,

Lin³

et al. 2022

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Tibialis anterior (TA) muscle has frequently been used for scientific experiments, particularly for muscle contractile assays, because of its anatomical advantages. However, classical evaluation methods for the TA muscle, such as EMG and force transducer, require experimental skills to acquire reliable results. Furthermore, because sacrificing experimental animals is usually indispensable for both methods, sequential observations cannot be performed. Therefore, developing a simple, objective, and animal friendly evaluation system was warranted. In this article, we introduce a novel, simple, and noninvasive in vivo evaluation method for the TA muscle called the toe-lift test (TLT), which is not only easy to perform but also capable of detecting contractile strength precisely. Because the TLT does not require experimental animal sacrifice, performing assessments over time, such as in sequential observation, is possible. This novel method represents a solution to the need for a simple, noninvasive, and effective method for TA muscle contractile evaluation.

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