A functional genomics approach to the study of avian innate immunity

Keeler, Calvin L.; Bliss, Travis W.; Lavrič, Miha; Maughan, Michele N.

doi:10.1159/000103174

Cited by 16 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…On the one hand, H3N2 influenza virus could cause the up-regulation of MHC class I mRNA expression levels [39]. On the other hand, the expression of MHC class I did not increase due to the infection of macrophages with a low pathogenic H7N2 AIV [40]. Thus, it can be suggested that H1N1 SwIV may be unable to inhibit MHC genes expression, which should be an important host factor for easily controlling virus.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription analysis on response of swine lung to H1N1 swine influenza virus

Zhou

Wen

et al. 2011

BMC Genomics

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BackgroundAs a mild, highly contagious, respiratory disease, swine influenza always damages the innate immune systems, and increases susceptibility to secondary infections which results in considerable morbidity and mortality in pigs. Nevertheless, the systematical host response of pigs to swine influenza virus infection remains largely unknown. To explore it, a time-course gene expression profiling was performed for comprehensive analysis of the global host response induced by H1N1 swine influenza virus in pigs.ResultsAt the early stage of H1N1 swine virus infection, pigs were suffering mild respiratory symptoms and pathological changes. A total of 268 porcine genes showing differential expression (DE) after inoculation were identified to compare with the controls on day 3 post infection (PID) (Fold change ≥ 2, p < 0.05). The DE genes were involved in many vital functional classes, mainly including signal transduction, immune response, inflammatory response, cell adhesion and cell-cell signalling. Noticeably, the genes associated with immune and inflammatory response showed highly overexpressed. Through the pathway analysis, the significant pathways mainly concerned with Cell adhesion molecules, Cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway and MAPK signaling pathway, suggesting that the host took different strategies to activate these pathways so as to prevent virus infections at the early stage. However, on PID 7, the predominant function classes of DE genes included signal transduction, metabolism, transcription, development and transport. Furthermore, the most significant pathways switched to PPAR signaling pathway and complement and coagulation cascades, showing that the host might start to repair excessive tissue damage by anti-inflammatory functions. These results on PID 7 demonstrated beneficial turnover for host to prevent excessive inflammatory damage and recover the normal state by activating these clusters of genes.ConclusionsThis study shows how the target organ responds to H1N1 swine influenza virus infection in pigs. The observed gene expression profile could help to screen the potential host agents for reducing the prevalence of swine influenza virus and further understand the molecular pathogenesis associated with H1N1 infection in pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription analysis on response of swine lung to H1N1 swine influenza virus

Zhou

Wen

et al. 2011

BMC Genomics

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“…The development of microarrays, pyrosequencing technology, and next-generation massively parallel sequencing methods has introduced high-throughput means of discovering genes and gene networks underlying host and parasite traits and interactions (Hill et al 2005;Keeler et al 2007;Baton et al 2008). These technologies have enabled the field to move from the previously described steps of inferring gene involvement through phylogenetic relationships or associating quantitative traits with genetic regions to directly measuring transcriptional changes in potentially hundreds of different genes during the production of a particular phenotype.…”

Section: Methods Of Gene Discovery: Gene Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Molecular Landscape of Host-Parasite Coevolution

Allen

Little²

2009

Cold Spring Harbor Symposia on Quantitative Biology

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Host-parasite coevolution is a dynamic process that can be studied at the phenotypic, genetic, and molecular levels. Although much of what we currently know about coevolution has been learned through phenotypic measures, recent advances in molecular techniques have provided tools to greatly deepen this research. Both the availability of full-genome sequences and the increasing feasibility of high-throughput gene expression profiling are leading to the discovery of genes that have a key role in antagonistic interactions between naturally coevolving species. Identification of such genes can enable direct observation, rather than inference, of the host-parasite coevolutionary dynamic. The Daphnia magna-Pasteuria ramosa host-parasite model is a prime example of an interaction that has been well studied at the population and whole-organism levels, and much is known about genotype- and environment-specific interactions from a phenotypic perspective. Now, with the recent completion of genome sequences for two Daphnia species, and a transcriptomics project under way, coevolution between these two enemies is being investigated directly at the level of interacting genes.

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“…No statistical difference was found in the transcript levels of IL-6, IL-8, or of CXCL1 and CXCL2 mRNA transcripts. Bacterial pathogenassociated molecular patterns (PAMPs) recognized by pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs), which are expressed by intestinal epithelial cells, result in cytokine gene transcription (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and chemokynes) from the innate immune repertoire (Keeler et al, 2007;Wigley, 2013). Interestingly, disrupted or live C. jejuni bacteria have been shown to have different effects on the activation of the PRRs signalizing pathways (AlSayeqh et al, 2010;De Zoete et al, 2010).…”

Section: Campylobacter Jejuni Increases Transcribed Il-1β and Causes mentioning

confidence: 99%