A Fully Integrated 384-Element, 16-Tile, $W$ -Band Phased Array With Self-Alignment and Self-Test

Shahramian, Shahriar; Holyoak, Michael J.; Singh, Amit; Baeyens, Y.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2019.2928694

Cited by 114 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Excellent works on broadband 70-100-GHz phased-array communication transceivers have also been performed by Bell Labs. Here, a four-element TX/RX chipset with +5-dBm saturated output power [146] and related chipsets with up to 16 TX or RX elements per IC achieved a peak EIRP of +34 dBm with data rates of 30 Gb/s at 1 m [147] and even +52 dBm with 10 Gb/s at 250 m when tiled into a 256-TX PCB array [148].…”

Section: B E-/w -Band Communication Transceiversmentioning

confidence: 91%

Millimeter-Wave and Terahertz Transceivers in SiGe BiCMOS Technologies

Kissinger

Kahmen

Weigel

2021

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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This invited paper reviews the progress of silicon-germanium (SiGe) bipolar-complementary metal-oxidesemiconductor (BiCMOS) technology-based integrated circuits (ICs) during the last two decades. Focus is set on various transceiver (TRX) realizations in the millimeter-wave range from 60 GHz and at terahertz (THz) frequencies above 300 GHz. This article discusses the development of SiGe technologies and ICs with the latter focusing on the commercially most important applications of radar and beyond 5G wireless communications. A variety of examples ranging from 77-GHz automotive radar to THz sensing as well as the beginnings of 60-GHz wireless communication up to THz chipsets for 100-Gb/s data transmission are recapitulated. This article closes with an outlook on emerging fields of research for future advancement of SiGe TRX performance.

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Section: B E-/w -Band Communication Transceiversmentioning

confidence: 91%

Millimeter-Wave and Terahertz Transceivers in SiGe BiCMOS Technologies

Kissinger

Kahmen

Weigel

2021

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…The tunable delay elements allow the receive and transmit beams to be steered without centralized signal aggregation occurring within the router. 2 While, at a highly abstracted level, the scalable router can perform all of the functions of a phased array relay, in a real system, there are profound implications for noise, linearity, isolation, and other system parameters that we will explore in this work. Fig.…”

Section: Decentralized Distributed Routermentioning

confidence: 99%

Programmable Active Mirror: A Scalable Decentralized Router

Fikes

Khial

Nooshabadi

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

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“…Among the works analyzed in this survey, only [24], [37], [44] report measurements of the proposed BFICs versus temperature. In [43], thermal simulations and measurements of the complete system (including multiple ICs and antenna elements) are presented. Most of the studies where thermal management aspects are somehow addressed tend to present only results of the RF measurements integrated with suitable commercially available heat spreaders.…”

Section: Current State Of the Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Design Framework for Beamforming Integrated Circuits Operating at Mm-Wave Frequencies

Theis¹,

Song²,

Federico³

et al. 2021

IEEE Access

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In order to cope with the needs of fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks and beyond, phasedarray antenna systems operating at millimeter-wave (mm-wave) frequencies will be required. This makes the system design very complex. In order to create insight and agility in the design process, we propose a framework that visualises the requirements and trade-offs of 5G-and-beyond systems. Our literature survey uses this framework to compare state-of-the-art papers on Silicon-based beamforming integrated circuits (BFICs) operating in the mm-wave band. Three use-cases are analyzed: Base-stations (BSs), Gateways (GtWs) and User Terminals (UTs). Based on the framework, we explore which implementation fits best with each use-cases. In UT, space and power consumption are the main constraints. For BSs, the main constraint is in output power and noise figure (NF). Finally, in GtW applications there is more flexibility as it has a larger footprint than UT but doesn't necessarily need to cover the same link-budget constraints of BSs. One of the identified limitations throughout all the cases is the heat generation, which is seen as a major bottleneck in mm-wave phased arrays. Only a few of the references show proper modelling and simulations for heat transfer of the realized BFICs. Finally, a limitation in the BFICs is the output power. In order to realize a mm-wave link at least 13 dBm would be required at the input of each antenna element. Only few references meet this criterion, and only at saturation. Further, in order to achieve more than 13 dBm in back-off operation a higher power density would be required. This would imply a further increase of heat generation in the system.

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A Fully Integrated 384-Element, 16-Tile, $W$ -Band Phased Array With Self-Alignment and Self-Test

Cited by 114 publications

References 27 publications

Millimeter-Wave and Terahertz Transceivers in SiGe BiCMOS Technologies

Millimeter-Wave and Terahertz Transceivers in SiGe BiCMOS Technologies

Programmable Active Mirror: A Scalable Decentralized Router

A Design Framework for Beamforming Integrated Circuits Operating at Mm-Wave Frequencies

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