A fully differential 100 – 140 GHz frequency quadrupler in a 130 nm SiGe:C technology for MIMO radar applications using the bootstrapped Gilbert-Cell doubler topology

Kueppers, Simon; Aufinger, Klaus; Pohl, Nils

doi:10.1109/sirf.2017.7874364

Cited by 33 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This arrangement allows for stable and excellent phase noise performance over the entire sweep bandwidth, since the PLL's fractional ratio can be chosen smaller (see [12]). The radar output signal is then generated by doubling the frequency of the generated fundamental VCO signal using bootstrapped Gilbert cell frequency doublers [13].…”

Section: A D-band Transceiver Mmic and System Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

Küppers¹,

Jaeschke²,

Pohl

et al. 2022

IEEE Sens. Lett.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper a D-band frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) radar for industrial and scientific applications is presented. It covers an ultra-wide 56 GHz sweep bandwidth (126 GHz-182 GHz, 36.4%) and is based on a custom 1 TRX + 2 RX SiGe transceiver MMIC manufactured in Infineon's B11HFC 130 nm BiCMOS process with an T of 250 GHz and max of 370 GHz. An innovative versatile multichannel edge-launch waveguide frontend-module architecture allows covering applications requiring dual polarization sensing or azimuth & elevation angle-of-arrival estimation based on the same mm-wave circuit board. The FMCW sweeper is based on measurement equipment grade commercial fractional-N PLL synthesizers in an offset dual-loop configuration for highly linear wideband FMCW sweep generation with a phase noise of better than -80 dBc/Hz ( off > 10 kHz) and superior performance even for ultra-fast ramp slopes of more than 56 GHz / 1 ms. Intermediate frequency (IF) signals of a single target measurement are presented to demonstrate the dynamic range capabilities of the FMCW radar. An SNR of 81 dB is achieved using a metal plate reflector target in free space. Due to the ultra-wide bandwidth and the resulting calibrated range resolution of 2.7 mm (-3 dB width, Tukey window), target separation is even possible in dense multi-target environments. Additionally, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images are presented as an example application utilizing the high range resolution capabilities.

show abstract

Section: A D-band Transceiver Mmic and System Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

Küppers¹,

Jaeschke²,

Pohl

et al. 2022

IEEE Sens. Lett.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The circuit design of the components at the fundamental frequency is based on the results presented in [13]. The frequency doubler in the LO-path is based on a bootstrapped Gilbert cell frequency doubler similar to [24] which also has a preamplification stage included. The Wilkinson divider network at the second harmonic frequency is splitting the signal equally to each LO-input of the two RX-mixers.…”

Section: A Transceiver Mmicmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They provide sufficient voltage gain to the weak input signal for more efficient frequency doubling within the desired frequency band. The circuit design is based on the results presented in [24] and the doubler is realized as a bootstrapped Gilbert cell frequency doubler at the output (see Fig. 9).…”

Section: Active Mm-wave Tagmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Compact Harmonic Radar System With Active Tags at 61/122 GHz ISM Band in SiGe BiCMOS for Precise Localization

Hansen

Bredendiek

Briese

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Techn.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This article presents a frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) harmonic radar in the 61-/122-GHz industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) frequency bands. The radar is based on two self-designed monolithic microwave wave integrated circuits (MMICs) for the transceiver (TRX) and tag which are fabricated in a 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS technology. The presented TRX-MMIC consists of a fundamental voltagecontrolled oscillator (VCO), a power amplifier (PA), Wilkinson power dividers, and a static divide-by-16 chain for stabilization within a phase-locked loop (PLL) in the transmitter (TX) part. The receiver (RX) part has two channels with a low noise amplifier (LNA), a Gilbert cell mixer, and an intermediate frequency (IF)-amplifier each. The fundamental of the VCO is converted by a frequency doubler and distributed to the local oscillator (LO) input of the RX-mixers. With such a TRX architecture the active nonlinear tag which consists of antennas, pre-amplifiers, and a frequency doubler can be detected. For a sweep from 60 to 64 GHz, a spatial resolution of 4 cm at 1-m distance and a range of 23.3 m is achieved. With these characteristics, the tag enables harmonic radar applications in the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) range for medium range with high accuracy and resolution with a small form factor.

show abstract

“…To further enhance the absolute tuning range of the MMIC, the mixer is followed by a frequency doubler, which creates an output signal of up to 148 GHz. The frequency doubler is realized as a Gilbert cell type with bootstrapped modification (similar to [21]) for reduced complexity. One of the drawbacks when using this type of doubler is that the transmission line L 3 (cf.…”

Section: Frequency Doubler and Power Amplifiermentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Wideband Transceiver MMIC Tuneable From 74.1 GHz to 147.8 GHz in SiGe Technology

Vogelsang,

Bott,

Starke

et al. 2024

IEEE J. Microw.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As the use of integrated radar sensors is becoming more common not only in traditional military and automotive but also in medical and industrial applications, the requirements for a radar sensor diversify. For some applications, bandwidth is critical, primarily defining the capability to distinguish targets. Mostly, varying the frequency of an oscillator in the mmWave and THz range is realized by tuning a dc voltage to a variable capacitance. While this is typical for integrated transceivers in silicon-germanium (SiGe) technology, the tunability of a single voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) limits the bandwidth. This work presents an approach to overcome this limitation by using two simultaneously tuned VCOs combined with a mixer. The oscillators are tuned simultaneously in opposing directions, resulting in an ultra-wideband signal at the mixer's output. The resulting tuning range is the addition of both of the VCOs' respective tuning ranges. The transceiver is realized using the B11HFC SiGe technology, featuring VCOs at center frequencies of 52 GHz and 108 GHz, respectively. The transceivers' output with a center frequency of 111 GHz is continuously tunable over a range of 73.6 GHz (66%). Furthermore, the phase noise contributions from both VCOs along a receiver test are presented.

show abstract

A fully differential 100 – 140 GHz frequency quadrupler in a 130 nm SiGe:C technology for MIMO radar applications using the bootstrapped Gilbert-Cell doubler topology

Cited by 33 publications

References 6 publications

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

Versatile 126–182 GHz UWB D-Band FMCW Radar for Industrial and Scientific Applications

A Compact Harmonic Radar System With Active Tags at 61/122 GHz ISM Band in SiGe BiCMOS for Precise Localization

Ultra-Wideband Transceiver MMIC Tuneable From 74.1 GHz to 147.8 GHz in SiGe Technology

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About