A fully-coupled atmosphere-ocean-wave model of the Caspian Sea

Bruneau, Nicolas; Toumi, Ralf

doi:10.1016/j.ocemod.2016.10.006

Cited by 37 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 78 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…While the central region exhibits a cyclonic barotropic circulation cell, two opposite circulations appear in the southern regions with an anticyclonic one in the north and a cyclonic circulation further south (Figures e and f). These circulations correspond to the gyres present in the Caspian Sea and previously reported (e.g., Bruneau and Toumi, ; Gunduz and zsoy, ). In the WEAK experiment the barotropic cyclonic gyres have an average intensity of around 0.5 Sv (peak at 1 Sv) and the anticyclonic gyre of around 0.3 Sv.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…We apply the empirical treatments in the Caspian Sea ice model described in Tamura-Wicks et al (2015). The baroclinic circulations are simulated on a 8 km resolution grid with 32 vertical levels (Bruneau & Toumi, 2016). The momentum viscosity c and tracer heat diffusion K v are computed with the generic length scale k-model for transport of kinetic energy (Umlauf & Burchard, 2003;Warner et al, 2005), which includes a constant background coefficient.…”

Section: Modeling Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The momentum viscosity c and tracer heat diffusion K v are computed with the generic length scale k-model for transport of kinetic energy (Umlauf & Burchard, 2003;Warner et al, 2005), which includes a constant background coefficient. A 40 year spin-up run at 4 km resolution forced by ERA-40 reanalysis data (Uppala et al, 2005), with spatially constant initial temperature and salinity basin-averaged profiles from the World Ocean Circulation Experiment data set and zero velocity fields is interpolated onto the 8 km grid and used as initial ocean conditions (Bruneau & Toumi, 2016;Nicholls & Toumi, 2014;Nicholls et al, 2012). The salinity of the Caspian Sea is around a third of that of the oceans.…”

Section: Modeling Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Can the Ocean's Heat Engine Control Horizontal Circulation? Insights From the Caspian Sea

Bruneau

Zika

Toumi

2017

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We investigate the role of the ocean's heat engine in setting horizontal circulation using a numerical model of the Caspian Sea. The Caspian Sea can be seen as a virtual laboratory—a compromise between realistic global models that are hampered by long equilibration times and idealized basin geometry models, which are not constrained by observations. We find that increases in vertical mixing drive stronger thermally direct overturning and consequent conversion of available potential to kinetic energy. Numerical solutions with water mass structures closest to observations overturn 0.02–0.04 × 106 m3/s (sverdrup) representing the first estimate of Caspian Sea overturning. Our results also suggest that the overturning is thermally forced increasing in intensity with increasing vertical diffusivity. Finally, stronger thermally direct overturning is associated with a stronger horizontal circulation in the Caspian Sea. This suggests that the ocean's heat engine can strongly impact broader horizontal circulations in the ocean.

show abstract

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Modeling Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Modeling Strategymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Can the Ocean's Heat Engine Control Horizontal Circulation? Insights From the Caspian Sea

Bruneau

Zika

Toumi

2017

Geophysical Research Letters

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pullen et al, 2006Pullen et al, , 2007Chen et al, 2010;Sandery et al, 2010;Warner et al, 2010;Renault et al, 2012;Carniel et al, 2016;Ličer et al, 2016;Bruneau and Toumi, 2016) and operational applications (e.g. Pellerin et al, 2004;Smith et al, 2013;Durnford et al, 2017) to improve the representation of feedbacks in simulations and predictions of the Earth System.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The UKC2 regional coupled environmental prediction system

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. It is hypothesized that more accurate prediction and warning of natural hazards, such as of the impacts of severe weather mediated through various components of the environment, require a more integrated Earth System approach to forecasting. This hypothesis can be explored using regional coupled prediction systems, in which the known interactions and feedbacks between different physical and biogeochemical components of the environment across sky, sea and land can be simulated. Such systems are becoming increasingly common research tools. This paper describes the development of the UKC2 regional coupled research system, which has been delivered under the UK Environmental Prediction Prototype project. This provides the first implementation of an atmosphere-land-ocean-wave modelling system focussed on the United Kingdom and surrounding seas at km-scale resolution. The UKC2 coupled system incorporates models of the atmosphere (Met Office Unified Model), land surface with river routing (JULES), shelf-sea ocean (NEMO) and ocean waves (WAVEWATCH III). These components are coupled, via OASIS3-MCT libraries, at unprecedentedly high resolution across the UK within a north-western European regional domain. A research framework has been established to explore the representation of feedback processes in coupled and uncoupled modes, providing a new research tool for UK environmental science. This paper documents the technical design and implementation of UKC2, along with the associated evaluation framework. An analysis of new results comparing the output of the coupled UKC2 system with relevant forced control simulations for six contrasting case studies of 5-day duration is presented. Results demonstrate that performance can be achieved with the UKC2 system that is at least comparable to its component control simulations. For some cases, improvements in air temperature, sea surface temperature, wind speed, significant wave height and mean wave period highlight the potential benefits of coupling between environmental model components. Results also illustrate that the coupling itself is not sufficient to address all known model issues. Priorities for future development of the UK Environmental Prediction framework and component systems are discussed.

show abstract

“…Higher-resolution studies of the wave properties in this water body (Bruneau & Toumi 2016;Myslenkov et al 2018) with a model resolution up to 1 km in the coastal zone and/or using the global hydrometeorological data reanalysis (Lopatoukhin & Yaitskaya 2019) have shed further light on the mean and extremes of wave properties. The simulations have demonstrated virtually no changes in the storm activity in the Caspian Sea region (Myslenkov et al 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variations in the Caspian Sea wave climate in 2002–2013 from satellite altimetry

Kudryavtseva¹,

Kussembayeva²,

Rakisheva³

et al. 2019

Estonian J. Earth Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The core properties of the wave climate and its changes in the Caspian Sea are established in terms of the annual mean significant wave height and its regional changes in 2002-2013 based on the outcome of the satellite altimetry mission JASON-1. Remotely estimated wave heights are validated against properties of the empirical distribution of instrumentally measured wave heights in the southern Caspian Sea and monthly averages of visually observed wave heights at three locations. A correction for systematic differences leads to very good correspondence between monthly averaged in situ and satellite data with a typical root mean square difference of 0.06 m.The average significant wave height in the Caspian Sea is 0.5-0.7 m in the northern basin of the sea, around 1.2 m in large parts of the central and southern basins and reaches up to 1.8 m in the northern segment of the central basin. The basin-wide average wave intensity varied insignificantly in the range of 1.02-1.14 m in 2002-2013. These estimates overestimate the wave heights by about 30% because low wave conditions are ignored. Substantial and statistically significant changes in the wave height occurred in certain areas. The wave height decreased by 0.019 ± 0.007 m/yr in the eastern segment of the central basin and by 0.04 ± 0.04 m/yr in the western segment of the southern basin. These changes can be explained by an increase in the frequency of westerly winds at the expence of southerly winds. Both basin-wide and regional extreme wave heights exhibit large interannual variations but do not show any significant trend. The patterns of changes in mean and extreme wave height are different. The average wave height has increased while the extreme wave height has decreased in the eastern segment of the southern basin.

show abstract

A fully-coupled atmosphere-ocean-wave model of the Caspian Sea

Cited by 37 publications

References 78 publications

Can the Ocean's Heat Engine Control Horizontal Circulation? Insights From the Caspian Sea

Can the Ocean's Heat Engine Control Horizontal Circulation? Insights From the Caspian Sea

The UKC2 regional coupled environmental prediction system

Spatial variations in the Caspian Sea wave climate in 2002–2013 from satellite altimetry

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About