A Fructan Exohydrolase from Maize Degrades Both Inulin and Levan and Co-Exists with 1-Kestotriose in Maize

Wu, Sheng; Greiner, Steffen; Ma, Chunfeng; Zhong, Jiaxin; Huang, Xiaodan; Rausch, Thomas; Zhao, Hongbo

doi:10.3390/ijms22105149

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The decrease of the 1‐KEH activity in response to SA is also of interest in the context of plant responses to combined biotic and abiotic stresses since SA synthesis and signaling are important not only under biotic but also abiotic stresses (Khan et al, 2015). Abiotic stress often leads to source‐sink imbalances and local sugar accumulation, which can lead to the production of 1‐kestotriose by vacuolar invertases in non‐fructan accumulating plants (Wu et al, 2021). After cellular leaking caused by this stress, 1‐kestotriose may act as DAMP.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike 1-FEHs found in this species, the Ci6-FEH II has little to no affinity for endogenous inulins and acts instead toward microbial levans. Interestingly, similar FEHs have also been discovered and characterized in several plant species that do not accumulate fructans, that is, Beta vulgaris (Van den Ende, De Coninck, et al, 2003), Arabidopsis thaliana (De Coninck et al, 2005) and Zea mays (Huang et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2021;Zhao et al, 2019). As no endogenous substrates are present and as some plant pathogens accumulate fructans (Velázquez-Hernández et al, 2009), this finding led to the hypothesis that these FEHs could play a role in plant-microorganism interactions by degrading microbial fructans (Van den Ende, De Coninck, et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 86%

“…As no endogenous substrates are present and as some plant pathogens accumulate fructans (Velázquez-Hernández et al, 2009), this finding led to the hypothesis that these FEHs could play a role in plant-microorganism interactions by degrading microbial fructans (Van den Ende, De Coninck, et al, 2003). Indeed, as for Ci6-FEH II, the localization of the FEHs from Zea mays in the apoplast shown by GFP labeling (Huang et al, 2020;Wu et al, 2021;Zhao et al, 2019) supports this hypothesis since these FEHs can interact directly with microbial fructans outside of plant cells. In B. vulgaris and A. thaliana, FEHs are believed to be vacuolar (De Coninck et al, 2005; Van den Ende, De Coninck, et al, 2003).…”

mentioning

confidence: 94%

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Fructan exohydrolases (FEHs) are upregulated by salicylic acid together with defense‐related genes in non‐fructan accumulating plants

Nguyen,

Leclerc,

Manzanares‐Dauleux

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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The identification of several fructan exohydrolases (FEHs, EC 3.2.1.80) in non‐fructan accumulating plants raised the question of their roles. FEHs may be defense‐related proteins involved in the interactions with fructan‐accumulating microorganisms. Since known defense‐related proteins are upregulated by defense‐related phytohormones, we tested the hypothesis that FEHs of non‐fructan accumulating plants are upregulated by salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA) and ethylene (ET) using the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana and the agronomically relevant and genetically related species Brassica napus. By sequence homologies with the two known FEH genes of A. thaliana, At6‐FEH, and At6&1‐FEH, the genes coding for the putative B. napus FEHs, Bn6‐FEH and Bn6&1‐FEH, were identified. Plants were treated at root level with SA, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) or 1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid (ACC). The transcript levels of defense‐related and FEH genes were measured after treatments. MeJA and ACC did not upregulate FEHs, while HEL (HEVEIN‐LIKE PREPROTEIN) expression was enhanced by both phytohormones. In both species, the expression of AOS, encoding a JA biosynthesis enzyme, was enhanced by MeJA and that of the defensine PDF1.2 and the ET signaling transcription factor ERF1/2 by ACC. In contrast, SA not only increased the expression of genes encoding antimicrobial proteins (PR1 and HEL) and the defense‐related transcription factor WRKY70 but also that of FEH genes, in particular 6&1‐FEH genes. This result supports the putative role of FEHs as defense‐related proteins. Genotypic variability of SA‐mediated FEH regulation (transcript level and activities) was observed among five varieties of B. napus, suggesting different susceptibilities toward fructan‐accumulating pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 86%

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confidence: 94%

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Fructan exohydrolases (FEHs) are upregulated by salicylic acid together with defense‐related genes in non‐fructan accumulating plants

Nguyen,

Leclerc,

Manzanares‐Dauleux

et al. 2023

Physiologia Plantarum

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“…The levels of fructan in wintering plants are involved in freezing tolerance and they are important for survival during winter and regeneration or sprouting of tissues in spring, being an important sugar supply ( Yoshida, 2021 ). Accumulation of fructans involves fructosyltransferases, invertases and fructan exohydrolases, which are regulated tightly and moreover, their genes have been characterized and isolated ( Chalmers et al., 2005 ; Wu et al., 2021 )…”

Section: Cellular and Molecular Responses To Cope With The Main Abiot...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving abiotic stress tolerance of forage grasses – prospects of using genome editing

Sustek-Sánchez

Rognli²,

Rostoks³

et al. 2023

Front. Plant Sci.

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Due to an increase in the consumption of food, feed, and fuel and to meet global food security needs for the rapidly growing human population, there is a necessity to obtain high-yielding crops that can adapt to future climate changes. Currently, the main feed source used for ruminant livestock production is forage grasses. In temperate climate zones, perennial grasses grown for feed are widely distributed and tend to suffer under unfavorable environmental conditions. Genome editing has been shown to be an effective tool for the development of abiotic stress-resistant plants. The highly versatile CRISPR-Cas system enables increasingly complex modifications in genomes while maintaining precision and low off-target frequency mutations. In this review, we provide an overview of forage grass species that have been subjected to genome editing. We offer a perspective view on the generation of plants resilient to abiotic stresses. Due to the broad factors contributing to these stresses the review focuses on drought, salt, heat, and cold stresses. The application of new genomic techniques (e.g., CRISPR-Cas) allows addressing several challenges caused by climate change and abiotic stresses for developing forage grass cultivars with improved adaptation to the future climatic conditions. Genome editing will contribute towards developing safe and sustainable food systems.

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“…The levels of fructan in wintering plants are involved in freezing tolerance and they are important for survival during winter and regeneration or sprouting of tissues in spring, being an important sugar supply [90]. Accumulation of fructans involves fructosyltransferases, invertases and fructan exohydrolases, which are regulated tightly and moreover, their genes have been characterized and isolated [89,91].…”

Section: Low Temperature Tolerance and Winter Hardinessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Forage Grasses – Prospects of Using Genome Editing

Sustek-Sánchez¹,

Rognli²,

Rostoks³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Due to an increase in the consumption of food, feed, and fuel and to meet global food security needs for the rapidly growing human population, there is a necessity to obtain high-yielding crops that can adapt to future climate changes. Currently, the main feed source used for ruminant livestock production is forage grasses. In temperate climate zones, perennial grasses grown for feed are widely distributed and tend to suffer under unfavorable environmental conditions. Gene editing has been shown to be an effective tool for the development of abiotic stress-resistant plants. The highly versatile CRISPR-Cas system enables increasingly complex modifications in genomes while maintaining precision and low off-target frequency mutations. In this review, we provide an overview of forage grass species that have been subjected to gene editing. We offer a perspective view on the generation of plants resilient to abiotic stresses. Due to the broad factors contributing to these stresses the review focuses on drought, salt, heat, and cold stresses. The application of new genomic techniques (e.g., CRISPR-Cas) allows addressing several challenges caused by climate change and abiotic stresses for developing forage grass cultivars with improved adaptation to the future climatic conditions. Gene editing will contribute towards developing safe and sustainable food systems.

show abstract

A Fructan Exohydrolase from Maize Degrades Both Inulin and Levan and Co-Exists with 1-Kestotriose in Maize

Cited by 5 publications

References 49 publications

Fructan exohydrolases (FEHs) are upregulated by salicylic acid together with defense‐related genes in non‐fructan accumulating plants

Fructan exohydrolases (FEHs) are upregulated by salicylic acid together with defense‐related genes in non‐fructan accumulating plants

Improving abiotic stress tolerance of forage grasses – prospects of using genome editing

Improving Abiotic Stress Tolerance of Forage Grasses – Prospects of Using Genome Editing

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