Consumers' food choices and dietary behaviour can be markedly affected by communication and information. Whether the provided information is processed by the receiver, and thus becomes likely to be effective, depends on numerous factors. The role of selected determinants such as uncertainty, knowledge, involvement, health-related motives and trust, as well as message content variables, are discussed in the present paper based on previous empirical studies. The different studies indicate that: uncertainty about meat quality and safety does not automatically result in more active information search; subjective knowledge about fish is a better predictor of fish consumption than objective knowledge; high subjective knowledge about functional foods as a result of a low trusted information source such as mass media advertising leads to a lower probability of adopting these foods in the diet. Also, evidence of the stronger impact of negative news as compared with messages promoting positive outcomes of food choices is discussed. Finally, three audience-segmentation studies based on consumers' involvement with fresh meat, individuals' health-related-motive orientations and their use of and trust in fish information sources are presented. A clear message from these studies is that communication and information provision strategies targeted to a specific audience's needs, interests or motives stand a higher likelihood of being attended to and processed by the receiving audience, and therefore also stand a higher chance of yielding their envisaged impact in terms of food choice and dietary behaviour.
Communication: Consumer: Food choiceBehaviour change is determined by a complex set of interlinked personal and environmental factors. Personal determinants relate to motivational, cognitive and affective processes in which psychosocial variables such as attitudes, norms, self-efficacy, skills and their underlying beliefs play a crucial role. Numerous factors associated with a person's physical, social and economic environment can further encourage or inhibit behaviour change. Although initiating and maintaining behaviour change is a difficult and complex process in which many different determinants are involved, there is little doubt that consumers' choices can be markedly affected by information. Communication and information provision efforts can have an impact in terms of changing consumers' knowledge, shaping their attitudes and redirecting their decision making, including food choices and dietary behaviour. The role and potential impact of communication related to food products have gained considerable attention recently. From the demand side of information, consumers as well as retailers increasingly seek guarantees concerning food quality and safety, which has been fuelled at least partly by several consecutive food-safety incidents in Europe. Consumers seem to want information to help them derive more pleasure from food, to achieve a better diet, to avoid certain allergens or to know the origin and environmental, ethi...