A free-piston batch reverse osmosis (RO) system for brackish water desalination: Experimental study and model validation

Hosseinipour, Ebrahim; Park, Kiho; Burlace, Liam; Naughton, Tim; Davies, Philip A.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2021.115524

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…At 80% recovery, the feed flow rate is 0.56–1.12 m 3 /h. Thus, the feed flow rate of the RO unit with a single 8-inch RO module is set to 0.72 m 3 /h based on our previous studies where the validation was carried out experimentally and theoretically (Figure a). − For the RO–FO hybrid system, two RO units are needed to achieve suitable flow into the FO (Figure b). The number of FO modules is three or six according to the required conditions for halophyte cultivation.…”

Section: General Process Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The assumptions are based on state-of-art technology for each process. For example, for the brackish water RO, batch RO technology has been selected because it can achieve low energy consumption even at high recovery (up to 95%) at small system size (down to about 15 m 3 /day output). − Here, recovery is set to 80% to represent high recovery desalination and to avoid an excessively large number of cases. However, it should be noted that the RO recovery can be adjusted, and the classification of the three designs based on feed salinity in Figure can be rearranged accordingly.…”

Section: General Process Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Desalination, Water Re-use, and Halophyte Cultivation in Salinized Regions: A Highly Productive Groundwater Treatment System

Park

Mudgal

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Groundwater salinization is a problem affecting access to water in many world regions. Though desalination by conventional reverse osmosis (RO) can upgrade groundwater quality for drinking, its disadvantages include unmanaged brine discharge and accelerated groundwater depletion. Here, we propose a new approach combining RO, forward osmosis (FO), and halophyte cultivation, in which FO optimally adjusts the concentration of the RO reject brine for irrigation of Salicornia or Sarcocornia. The FO also reuses wastewater, thus, reducing groundwater extraction and the wastewater effluent volume. To suit different groundwater salinities in the range 1−8 g/L, three practical designs are proposed and analyzed. Results include specific groundwater consumption (SGC), specific energy consumption (SEC), wastewater volume reduction, peak RO pressure, permeate water quality, efficiency of water resource utilization, and halophyte yield. Compared to conventional brackish water RO, the results show superior performance in almost all aspects. For example, SGC is reduced from 1.25 to 0.9 m 3 per m 3 of drinking water output and SEC is reduced from 0.79 to 0.70 kW h/m 3 by a FO−RO−FO system treating groundwater of salinity 8 g/L. This system can produce 1.1 m 3 of high-quality drinking water and up to 4.9 kg of edible halophyte per m 3 of groundwater withdrawn.

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Section: General Process Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: General Process Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Desalination, Water Re-use, and Halophyte Cultivation in Salinized Regions: A Highly Productive Groundwater Treatment System

Park

Mudgal

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…Unfortunately, a shortage of freshwater has significantly threatened human health [ 1 , 2 ] due to the explosion of population and the progress of industrialization. Traditional water treatment technologies, such as membrane distillation [ 3 , 4 ], reverse osmosis [ 5 , 6 ], electrodialysis [ 7 ], and adsorption [ 8 ], have been used for freshwater production, but the significant manufacturing costs and energy requirements limit their application in poor districts. To this end, the solar interface evaporator has attracted popular interest in recent years in light of its low cost and utilizing renewable energy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochar-Based Photothermal Hydrogel for Efficient Solar Water Purification

et al. 2023

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The development of technology for solar interface evaporation has a significant meaning for the sustainable use of water resources in remote regions. However, establishing a solar evaporator with a high evaporation rate and favorable water treatment capabilities remains challenging. In this work, we reported a silver nanoparticle (AgNP)@carbonized cattail (CC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) composite hydrogel (ACPH) membrane. Because of the successfully loaded AgNPs, which have a photothermal synergy with the CC, the ACPH-10 membrane obtained an excellent photothermal conversion performance. Additionally, the hydrophilicity of the ACPH-10 membrane ensures a sustainable water supply which is necessary for the improvement of the evaporation rate. Therefore, the ACPH-10 membrane achieves an evaporation rate of 1.66 kg m−2 h−1 and an efficiency of 88.0%, attributed to the remarkable photothermal conversion and water transmission. More importantly, the membrane exhibits superior purification ability in a variety of sewage. Pollutant removal rates in heavy metal and organic dye sewage have exceeded 99.8%. As a result, the ACPH membrane holds great promise for wastewater recovery and seawater desalination, which can aid in resolving the water crisis issue.

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“…Advances in desalination technologies have made significant progress over the past 50 years [ 11 , 12 ]. Existing desalination technologies include distillation [ 13 , 14 ], freezing [ 15 , 16 ], chemical precipitation [ 17 ], electroosmosis [ 12 , 18 ], and membrane separation technologies such as reverse osmosis (RO) [ 19 , 20 ] and nanofiltration [ 7 , 21 , 22 ]. Among these technologies, membrane separation is a highly promising technology due to its high separation efficiency.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among these technologies, membrane separation is a highly promising technology due to its high separation efficiency. Though efficient, RO requires a high operating pressure and consumes considerable energy [ 20 , 23 , 24 ]. In contrast, the operating pressure for nanofiltration is much lower, and with its small footprint, nanofiltration can be easily achieved with automatic control, making it suitable for use in many fields [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Membrane Fouling Control for Brackish Water Treatment Using a Modified Polyamide Composite Nanofiltration Membrane

et al. 2022

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In northwest China, the limited amount of water resources are classified mostly as brackish water. Nanofiltration is a widely applied desalination technology used for brackish water treatment; however, membrane fouling restricts its application. Herein, we modified the membrane with triethanolamine (TEOA) and optimized the operating conditions (transmembrane pressure, temperature, and crossflow velocity) to control the nanofiltration membrane fouling by brackish water. Based on the physiochemical characteristics and desalination performance of the prepared membranes, the membrane modified with 2% TEOA (MPCM2) was identified as the optimal membrane, and 0.5 MPa, 25 °C, and 7 cm/s were identified as the optimal operating conditions through a series of nanofiltration experiments. Moreover, the membrane cleaning procedure for fouled MPCM2 was further determined, and a two-step cleaning procedure using ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid disodium followed by HCl with a permeance recovery rate of 98.77% was identified as the optimal cleaning procedure. Furthermore, the characterizations of the fouled and cleaned MPCM2 showed that the optimized cleaning procedure could recover the properties of MPCM2 to near virgin. This study is of great significance for the long-term stable operation of nanofiltration processes in brackish water treatment to ensure the supply of healthy water in the water-deficient areas of northwest China.

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A free-piston batch reverse osmosis (RO) system for brackish water desalination: Experimental study and model validation

Cited by 39 publications

References 38 publications

Desalination, Water Re-use, and Halophyte Cultivation in Salinized Regions: A Highly Productive Groundwater Treatment System

Desalination, Water Re-use, and Halophyte Cultivation in Salinized Regions: A Highly Productive Groundwater Treatment System

Biochar-Based Photothermal Hydrogel for Efficient Solar Water Purification

Evaluation of Membrane Fouling Control for Brackish Water Treatment Using a Modified Polyamide Composite Nanofiltration Membrane

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