A framework to predict the airborne noise inside railway vehicles with application to rolling noise

A practical approach to modelling railway vehicle interior acoustics

“…Statistical energy analysis (SEA) is also commonly used for modelling the interior of trains [10][11][12][13][14] and is simpler to apply than ray tracing, requiring less geometrical detail and fewer input parameters. SEA is typically used as a method to determine the transmission of noise and vibration from sources outside the carriage; the modelling of the interior sound field then becomes a part of such a model, e.g.…”

“…A Bayesian technique was used to update the model. Li et al [11] divided the main interior cavity of a metro carriage into nine subsystems (with two small ones for the gangway regions) and compared the sound pressure distribution with running measurements. Various other authors have used SEA models of the vehicle interior as part of a more complete prediction of interior noise [12][13][14].…”

A 2.5D acoustic finite element method applied to railway acoustics

“…Field measurements were reported in ref. [35] A semi-circular acoustic domain with radius 5 m is created enclosing the train and meshed with linear triangular elements. The PML has a thickness of 1.5 m and meshed with linear quadrilateral elements.…”