A framework to identify factors influencing navigational risk for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships

Fan, Cunlong; Wróbel, Krzysztof; Montewka, Jakub; Gil, Mateusz; Wan, Chengpeng; Zhang, Di

doi:10.1016/j.oceaneng.2020.107188

Cited by 135 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Similar ideas were investigated by Baldauf et al [29]. Fan et al investigated how certain risk factors can affect navigation of a remotely controlled ship on different legs of her voyage [30]. Despite all the above contributions, the question of what types of the human factors can potentially have the greatest influence on the occurrence of accidents involving remotely controlled vessels remains unanswered.…”

Section: Doamentioning

confidence: 83%

On the Influence of Human Factors on Safety of Remotely-Controlled Merchant Vessels

2021

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With numerous efforts undertaken by both industry and academia to develop and implement autonomous merchant vessels, their safety remains an utmost priority. One of the modes of their operation which is expected to be used is a remote control. Therein, some, if not all, decisions will be made remotely by human operators and executed locally by a vessel control system. This arrangement incorporates a possibility of a human factor occurrence. To this end, a variety of factors are known in the literature along with a complex network of mutual relationships between them. In order to study their potential influence on the safety of remotely-controlled merchant vessels, an expert study has been conducted using the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System-Maritime Accidents (HFACS–MA) framework. The results indicate that the most relevant for the safety of this prospective system is to ensure that known problems are properly and timely rectified and that remote operators maintain their psycho- and physiological conditions. The experts elicited have also assigned higher significance to the causal factors of active failures than latent failures, thus indicating a general belief that operators’ actions represent the final and the most important barrier against accident occurrence.

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Section: Doamentioning

confidence: 83%

On the Influence of Human Factors on Safety of Remotely-Controlled Merchant Vessels

2021

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“…Moreover, with the extensive application of artificial intelligence, the industrial revolution is in progress [71], how safety management 4.0 will impact on maritime shipping safety should be considered for future research. 15. Have you ever experienced, or as far as you know, that accidents are caused by faulty design of equipment or systems on board the ship?…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, the passenger ships are receiving much attention for the issue of maritime shipping risk analysis, such as in [13,14]. Recently, the risks associated with maritime autonomous surface ships [15] and the ships navigating through the Arctic waters [16] have also been given full consideration. How to evaluate the identified risks is another important issue to be considered, and many scholars developed various methodologies for that approach.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive Gap and Correlation of Safety-I and Safety-II: A Case of Maritime Shipping Safety Management

Qiao

Liu

et al. 2021

Sustainability

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In contrast to the conventional safety management principle, namely, safety-I, which focuses on “what goes wrong”, a new-born safety philosophy (safety-II) inspires people to investigate “how and why things go right”. In the present study, the cognitive difference and correlation between safety-I and safety-II in the maritime shipping industry are explored and investigated. For this purpose, a questionnaire is administered to survey seafarers and maritime experts, and semi-structured interviews are conducted to collect original data associated with safety-I and safety-II. Then, the data from seafarers and maritime experts are further processed by empirical statistical methods and fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (AHP) methodology. The results show that impacting factors associated with individual aspects are usually accepted as dominant with respect to views of safety-I, while organizational factors are more influential for safety-II, which is essential to developing an organizational resilience capacity. Based on the findings and discussions, potential safety countermeasures that integrate safety-I and safety-II are proposed in this article. The present study discusses the new-born safety-II perspective to elucidate the safety issues associated with maritime shipping operations, which can be seen as the main innovation of this work.

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“…Therefore, the automated processes and real-time decision support is important. Reference [36] illustrates that the first requirement for autonomous ships based on the operational differences for conventional ships is reliable and timely identification of obstacles and hazards. As the premise of decision support, assessing potential risks of ship navigation early and improving the accuracy of collision risk identification is one of the most important parts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Collision Risk Identification Method for Autonomous Ships Based on Field Theory

2021

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Collision risk identification is necessary for autonomous ships to recognize the risk when facing different encounter situations and make the proper collision avoidance decision. For achieving quantitative assessment of collision risk, this paper proposed a collision risk identification method based on field theory. Specifically, the method first combines the uncertainty model of ship position prediction to improve the quaternion ship domain (QSD). Then, based on the field theory and the situation of encounters, the ship risk field is constructed, which transform the ship domain overlapping index into the field energy superposition problem. The validation and superiority of this approach is examined by simulation studies. The results demonstrate that the proposed method can overcome some deficiencies of the conventional risk assessment methods. Moreover, the approach can effectively identify the collision risk in real time and provide a reference on furthering enhance the navigational safety for the autonomous ships. Therefore, the approach gives it a significant potential for use in collision risk identification in the future.

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A framework to identify factors influencing navigational risk for Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships

Cited by 135 publications

References 40 publications

On the Influence of Human Factors on Safety of Remotely-Controlled Merchant Vessels

On the Influence of Human Factors on Safety of Remotely-Controlled Merchant Vessels

Cognitive Gap and Correlation of Safety-I and Safety-II: A Case of Maritime Shipping Safety Management

A Collision Risk Identification Method for Autonomous Ships Based on Field Theory

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