A framework to analyze the vulnerability of European road networks due to Sea-Level Rise (SLR) and sea storm surges

Demirel, Hande; Kompil, Mert; Nemry, Françoise

doi:10.1016/j.tra.2015.05.002

Cited by 51 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Roads classified as tertiary, residential and unclassified (e.g. single lane or residential roads) are omitted and is consistent with similar studies [38,43,[47][48][49]; the omitted minor roads include residential streets, cul-de-sacs and single lane tracks. The network is obtained from OpenStreetMap (OSM), the native format for the simulation software (2.4).…”

Section: Network Definitionsupporting

confidence: 66%

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Extending natural hazard impacts: an assessment of landslide disruptions on a national road transportation network

Postance

Hillier

Dijkstra

et al. 2017

Environ. Res. Lett.

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Disruptions to transportation networks by natural hazard events cause direct losses (e.g. by physical damage) and indirect socio-economic losses via travel delays and decreased transportation efficiency. The severity and spatial distribution of these losses varies according to user travel demands and which links, nodes or infrastructure assets are physically disrupted. Increasing transport network resilience, for example by targeted mitigation strategies, requires the identification of the critical network segments which if disrupted would incur undesirable or unacceptable socio-economic impacts. Here, these impacts are assessed on a national road transportation network by coupling hazard data with a transport network model. This process is illustrated using a case study of landslide hazards on the road network of Scotland. A set of possible landslide-prone road segments is generated using landslide susceptibility data. The results indicate that at least 152 road segments are susceptible to landslides, which could cause indirect economic losses exceeding £35 k for each day of closure. In addition, previous estimates for historic landslide events might be significant underestimates. For example, the estimated losses for the 2007 A83 'Rest and Be Thankful' landslide are £80 k day À1 , totalling £1.2 million over a 15 day closure, and are ∼60% greater than previous estimates. The spatial distribution of impact to road users is communicated in terms of 'extended hazard impact footprints' . These footprints reveal previously unknown exposed communities and unanticipated spatial patterns of severe disruption. Beyond cost-benefit analyses for landslide mitigation efforts, the approach implemented is applicable to other natural hazards (e.g. flooding), combinations of hazards, or even other network disruption events. perturbation to network operation (i.e. reduced access, travel delay and costlier routes). Consequently landslide hazard impact and population exposure is distributed far beyond the hazard's physical location. Critical network segments are those characterised by a high consequence of failure generally irrespective of likelihood [4,5]. A poignant example is the estimated £3.0 billion regional economic loss incurred in the South West, UK [6] by damage to 40 m of railway line during storm water levels exceeding previous maxima in 100 year historical records [7]. The identification of critical network segments is integrated within network management guidelines [8,9]. However, these operational assessments are limited to road segment

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Section: Network Definitionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…This is to constrain the scope and complexity of the study (e.g. as in [25,48,49,55]) and to align with national level management of the strategic road network; all other roads are managed at the local authority level.…”

Section: Landslide Event Setmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extending natural hazard impacts: an assessment of landslide disruptions on a national road transportation network

Postance

Hillier

Dijkstra

et al. 2017

Environ. Res. Lett.

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“…Accessibility is considered in the model as the principal "product" of the transportation system (Demirel et al, 2015) and its loss a good indicator of the disruption for regional analysis. Accessibility can be reduced by the loss of access to certain sites and by longer journey to reach certain sites.…”

Section: Transport Network Disruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Hazard to Consequences: Evaluation of Direct and Indirect Impacts of Flooding Along the Emilia-Romagna Coastline, Italy

2019

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Managing coastal flood risk at the regional scale requires a prioritization of economic resources along the shoreline. Advanced modeling assessment and open-source tools are now available to support transparent and rigorous risk evaluation and to inform managers and stakeholders in their choices. However, the issues lay in data availability and data richness to estimate coastal vulnerability and impacts. The Coastal Risk Assessment Framework (CRAF) has been developed as part of the Resilience Increasing Strategies for Coasts -Toolkit (RISC-KIT) EU FP7 project. The framework provides two levels of analysis. In the first phase, a coastal index approach is applied to identify a restricted number of potential critical areas for different hazards (i.e., erosion and flooding). In the second phase, an integrated hazard and impact modeling approach is applied in the critical areas to assess the direct and indirect impacts of storm events using a matrix-based approach and a systemic analysis. The framework was tested on the coastline of the Emilia-Romagna region (northern Italy) for two probabilistic coastal storms with representative return periods of 10 and 100 years. In this work, the application of the second phase of the CRAF is presented for two sites, Lido degli Estensi-Spina (Ferrara province) and Milano Marittima (Ravenna province). The hazard modeling of floods was implemented using a coupling between XBeach and Lisflood-FP. The Integrated Disruption Assessment (INDRA) model was applied to quantify direct and indirect impacts. The impact assessment focused on household's financial recovery, business disruption and financial recovery, transport network disruption and risk to life. The considered business sector comprised the key economic activities related to the sun-and-beach tourism, which is one of the main drivers of the regional economy. A Multi-Criteria Analysis was applied to support decision-makers to identify the most critical site. The importance of detailed physical and socio-economic data collected at the regional and local levels is highlighted and discussed, together with the importance to involve different stakeholders in the process (e.g., through interviews and surveys). The limitations of the applied approach due to data quality and availability and to the assumptions introduced in the hazard and disruption models are highlighted.

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“…The work depicts the fact that the saturated network outflow of the study case is reduced compared with single link failure cases. Demirel, Kompil, and Nemry () propose a conceptual framework encompassing “exposure,” “vulnerability,” and “connectivity,” assessed to ensure the robustness of the system. The base network is compared with the sea level rise (SLR) and storm surge exposure network for vulnerability and connectivity, after modeling the inundated zones.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A multi‐objective framework for analysis of road network vulnerability for relief facility location during flood hazards: A case study of relief location analysis in Bankura District, India

Chakraborty

Das

Dasgupta

et al. 2018

Transactions in GIS

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The location of disaster management facilities is a challenging and multifaceted problem. The road networks, population distribution along the road networks, and disaster risk maps are the major components for management of this problem. This article aims to decide on the location of such facilities for flood hazards in a region. The methodology is based on a multi‐objective framework. Objective functions include edge importance indices under fair weather and elevation parameters of the edges. Multiple scenarios are simulated for varying levels of hazard, and the outputs are analyzed. Analyses are carried out for the individual percentage loss of road links. A case study has been presented for the Bankura District in West Bengal, India. The inferences drawn from the results identify the critical links over the road networks of the region. The study also indicates locations in the region for relief facility setups to enable best‐serving capabilities and provide safe shelters, even in the most adverse flood conditions. The article depicts the vulnerability status of the road networks of the region. Further, it identifies the locations for relief facility provisioning that bring out the best road utilization and the best‐serving capabilities within the flood‐affected area under different flood levels.

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A framework to analyze the vulnerability of European road networks due to Sea-Level Rise (SLR) and sea storm surges

Cited by 51 publications

References 26 publications

Extending natural hazard impacts: an assessment of landslide disruptions on a national road transportation network

Extending natural hazard impacts: an assessment of landslide disruptions on a national road transportation network

From Hazard to Consequences: Evaluation of Direct and Indirect Impacts of Flooding Along the Emilia-Romagna Coastline, Italy

A multi‐objective framework for analysis of road network vulnerability for relief facility location during flood hazards: A case study of relief location analysis in Bankura District, India

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