A framework for performance analysis of geographic delay-tolerant routing

Abstract

A major tool used for evaluating routing protocols in ad hoc and delay-tolerant networks is simulation. Whereas the results from simulations give good insights, they are limited to the specific scenario set-up that is used. If the scenario changes, new and often time-consuming simulations have to be run. Moreover, the simulation time in packet-level simulators with fairly realistic physical layer implementation, such as ns-2, generally grows rapidly in the number of nodes. This practically limits the number of nodes in a simulation, even if the limit can be extended by the use of simulation federations. Larger scenarios can also be facilitated by the use of more abstraction in the physical layer; abstractions that may impact the validity of the results. In this article, we present the forward-wait framework-a mathematical model describing the packet movements for opportunistic geographic delay-tolerant routing protocols. By describing packet movements as a sequence of alternating forwarding and waiting phases, the framework can accurately predict the routing performance. Key input parameters to the framework are random variables describing the forwarding and waiting phases. We show how the properties of the random variables can be derived, both via abstract modeling and small scale ns-2 simulation data. The model is then used to demonstrate the prediction capabilities of the framework in providing results that are close to the (much slower) packet-level simulations.

Modelling Correlated Mobility

“…Kuiper and Nadjm-Tehrani [16] present a quite different approach for analysing performance of geographic routing in large scale. Their framework can be used based on abstract mobility and protocol models together with extracting distributions for arbitrary mobility models and protocols from simulation data (in smaller scale).…”

Analysing Delay-Tolerant Networks with Correlated Mobility

“…Kuiper and Nadjm-Tehrani [16] present a quite different approach for analysing performance of geographic routing. Their framework can be used based on abstract mobility and protocol models as well as extracting distributions for arbitrary mobility models and protocols from simulation data.…”