A framework for evaluating the data-hiding capacity of image sources

Abstract

An information-theoretic model for image watermarking and data hiding is presented in this paper. Previous theoretical results are used to characterize the fundamental capacity limits of image watermarking and data-hiding systems. Capacity is determined by the statistical model used for the host image, by the distortion constraints on the data hider and the attacker, and by the information available to the data hider, to the attacker, and to the decoder. We consider autoregressive, block-DCT, and wavelet statistical models for images and compute data-hiding capacity for compressed and uncompressed host-image sources. Closed-form expressions are obtained under sparse-model approximations. Models for geometric attacks and distortion measures that are invariant to such attacks are considered.

RABS: Rule-Based Adaptive Batch Steganography

“…But, it may then be possible to use (n+1) order statistics for steganalysis. The research in (Moulin & Mihcak, 2002) provides an estimate of steganography capacity of images, based on a parallel Gaussian model.…”

Visual communications with side information via distributed printing channels: extended multimedia and security perspectives

“…Therefore, the relevant problem of stochastic image modeling is reduced to the proper modeling of wavelet coefficients. A. Hjorungnes, J. Lervik and T. Ramstad 20 have proposed a simple and tractable model that has found a number of applications in state-of-the-art image coding (EQ-coder 21 ), denoising (wavelet Wiener filter 22 ) and watermarking for evaluation of data-hiding capacity 23 and content-adaptive data-hiding.…”

Steganography: Applying and Evaluating Two Algorithms for Embedding Audio Data in an Image

“…In steganographic applications, the hidden data are a secret message whose mere presence within the host data set should be undetectable; a classical example is that of a prisoner communicating with the outside world under the supervision of a prison warden. In this context, the data hiding represents a useful alternative to the construction of a hypermedia document, which may be less convenient to manipulate [3].…”