“…Among policy developments, in 2015, the Chinese Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed the "Management of Communication Short Message Service" document to strengthen governance of SMS, while implementing a real-name system for cell phones to address anonymous communication in the traditional communication industry. The Anti-Telecom network fraud Law, introduced in 2022, formally incorporated the telecom-fraud industry chain into criminal crackdown governance, marking a milestone 9 . Based on the telecommunications fraud crime model constructed in this paper, the implementation of telecommunications network fraud involves the criminal subject, criminal motives, and the act of committing the crime.…”