A Forty-Segment Molecular Synchrotron

Zieger, Peter C.; Eyles, C. J.; Meerakker, Sebastiaan Y. T. van de; Roij, André J. A. van; Bethlem, Hendrick L.; Meijer, Gerard

doi:10.1524/zpch.2013.0418

Cited by 7 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…In this section, we will use Monte-Carlo simulations to determine how the acceptance of a ring depends on the number of segments. Similar calculations for an electric synchrotron were presented in Heiner [39] and Zieger et al [31]. In our simulation, the magnetic force on the atoms in the hexapole is assumed to be perfectly linear with a force constant of ω = k m r hex 2 , where m is the mass of the atom and ω π 2 r is the betatron frequency, taken to be 3 kHz.…”

Section: Transverse Motion In a Segmented Ringmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…In this ring, packets of bunched molecules were observed to make up to 1025 round-trips, thereby passing a distance of over 1 mile. Up to 26 molecular packets were stored simultaneously in this ring structure; 13 revolving clockwise and 13 revolving counter-clockwise [31].…”

Section: Storage Rings For Neutral Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These stop bands were studied in a molecular synchrotron by Heiner et al [41] and Zieger et al [31]. For the remainder of this paper we will consider a ring that consists of 40 segments as a compromise between construction demands and the expected performance.…”

Section: Transverse Motion In a Segmented Ringmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A compact design for a magnetic synchrotron to store beams of hydrogen atoms

et al. 2015

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We present a design for an atomic synchrotron consisting of 40 hybrid magnetic hexapole lenses arranged in a circle. We show that for realistic parameters, hydrogen atoms with a velocity up to 600 m s −1 can be stored in a 1 m diameter ring, which implies that the atoms can be injected in the ring directly from a pulsed supersonic beam source. This ring can be used to study collisions between stored hydrogen atoms and supersonic beams of many different atoms and molecules. The advantage of using a synchrotron is two-fold: (i) the collision partners move in the same direction as the stored atoms, resulting in a small relative velocity and thus a low collision energy, and (ii) by storing atoms for many round-trips, the sensitivity to collisions is enhanced by a factor of 100-1000. In the proposed ring, the cross-sections for collisions between hydrogen, the most abundant atom in the universe, with any atom or molecule that can be put in a beam, including He, H 2 , CO, ammonia and OH can be measured at energies below 100 K. We discuss the possibility of using optical transitions to load hydrogen atoms into the ring without influencing the atoms that are already stored. In this way it will be possible to reach high densities of stored hydrogen atoms.

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Section: Transverse Motion In a Segmented Ringmentioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Storage Rings For Neutral Particlesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A compact design for a magnetic synchrotron to store beams of hydrogen atoms

et al. 2015

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“…In order to confirm the transverse stability of the synchrotron, we take a trajectory simulation following the method given by Heiner46 and Zieger et al 47…”

Section: Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel molecular synchrotron for cold collision and EDM experiments

Hou

Wei

Deng

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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Limited by the construction demands, the state-of-the-art molecular synchrotrons consist of only 40 segments that hardly make a good circle. Imperfections in the circular structure will lead to the appearance of unstable velocity regions (i.e. stopbands), where molecules of certain forward velocity will be lost from the structure. In this paper, we propose a stopband-free molecular synchrotron. It contains 1570 ring electrodes, which nearly make a perfect circle, capable of confining both light and heavy polar molecules in the low-field-seeking states. Molecular packets can be conveniently manipulated with this synchrotron by various means, like acceleration, deceleration or even trapping. Trajectory calculations are carried out using a pulsed 88SrF molecular beam with a forward velocity of 50 m/s. The results show that the molecular beam can make more than 500 round trips inside the synchrotron with a 1/e lifetime of 6.2 s. The synchrotron can find potential applications in low-energy collision and reaction experiments or in the field of precision measurements, such as the searches for electric dipole moment of elementary particles.

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“…Each packet of this train is stored for up to 1.2 s, while at a 10 Hz rate new packets are being injected in front of the train and packets at the back of the train are being detected. More details on the synchrotron and injection beam line can be found in Zieger et al [25][26][27].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Collisions in a Molecular Synchrotron

Poel¹,

Zieger²,

Meerakker³

et al. 2018

Phys. Rev. Lett.

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We study collisions between neutral, deuterated ammonia molecules (ND 3 ) stored in a 50 cm diameter synchrotron and argon atoms in copropagating supersonic beams. The advantages of using a synchrotron in collision studies are twofold: (i) By storing ammonia molecules many round-trips, the sensitivity to collisions is greatly enhanced; (ii) the collision partners move in the same direction as the stored molecules, resulting in low collision energies. We tune the collision energy in three different ways: by varying the velocity of the stored ammonia packets, by varying the temperature of the pulsed valve that releases the argon atoms, and by varying the timing between the supersonic argon beam and the stored ammonia packets. These give consistent results. We determine the relative, total, integrated cross section for ND 3 þ Ar collisions in the energy range of 40-140 cm −1 , with a resolution of 5-10 cm −1 and an uncertainty of 7%-15%. Our measurements are in good agreement with theoretical scattering calculations. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.033402 The crossed molecular beam technique, pioneered by Herschbach and Lee, has yielded a detailed understanding of how molecules interact and react [1,2]. Until recently, these crossed molecular beam studies were limited by the velocities of the molecular beams to collision energies above a few hundred cm −1 (1 cm −1 ≃ 1.4 K). Over the past years, however, a number of ingenious methods [3][4][5] have been developed to study collisions in the cold regime. These advances are important for several reasons. First, the temperatures of interstellar clouds are typically between 10 and 100 K; collision data of simple molecules at low temperatures are thus highly relevant for understanding the chemistry in these clouds [6]. Furthermore, quantum effects become important at low temperatures, where few partial waves contribute and the de Broglie wavelength associated with the relative velocity becomes comparable to or larger than the intermolecular distances. Of particular interest are resonances of the collision cross section as a function of the collision energy [7][8][9][10]. The position and shape of these resonances are very sensitive to the exact shape of the PES and thus serve as precise tests of our understanding of intermolecular forces.The ability to control the velocity of molecules using time-varying electric fields has allowed studies of inelastic collisions of OH and NO molecules with rare gas atoms at low collision energies [11][12][13][14]. Using cryogenically cooled beams under a small (and variable) crossing angle, inelastic collisions of O 2 and CO with H 2 and helium at energies between 5 and 30 K have been studied [15]. Even lower temperatures can be obtained by using magnetic or electric guides to merge two molecular beams into a single beam. This technique has been used to study Penning ionization reactions of various atoms and molecules with metastable helium [16][17][18][19] and collisions between ground state hydrogen molecules and hydrogen molecules in ...

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A Forty-Segment Molecular Synchrotron

Cited by 7 publications

References 44 publications

A compact design for a magnetic synchrotron to store beams of hydrogen atoms

A compact design for a magnetic synchrotron to store beams of hydrogen atoms

A novel molecular synchrotron for cold collision and EDM experiments

Cold Collisions in a Molecular Synchrotron

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