A Formulation for the Static Permittivity of Water and Steam at Temperatures from 238 K to 873 K at Pressures up to 1200 MPa, Including Derivatives and Debye–Hückel Coefficients

Abstract

All reliable sources of data for the static dielectric constant or relative pennittivity of water and steam, many of them unpublished or inaccessible, have been collected, evaluated, corrected when required, and converted to the ITS-90 temperature scale. The data extend over a temperature range from 238 to 873 K and over a pressure range from 0.1 MPa up to 1189 MPa. The evaluative part of this work includes a review of the different types of measurement techniques, and the corrections for frequency dependence due to the impedance of circuit components, and to electrode polarization. It also includes a detailed assessment of the uncertainty of each particular data source, as compared to other sources in the same range of pressure and temperature. Both the raw and the corrected data have been tabulated, and are also available on diskette. A comprehensive list of references to the literature is included.

Effects of pressure on the structure of metmyoglobin: Molecular dynamics predictions for pressure unfolding through a molten globule intermediate

“…It also could be that the Bradley-Pitzer estimate is not accurate at the extrapolated range above 500 MPa. A more recent formulation for the dielectric constant of water at temperatures from 238 to 873 K and at pressures up to 1,200 MPa has been reported (Fernandez et al, 1997). When compared to values from this formulation, our adjusted E* values are, at the most, 5% above them.…”

Dielectric properties of water under extreme conditions and transport of carbonates in the deep Earth

“…Several models correlating experimental data suggested extrapolations of e 0 to ∼1 GPa and ∼1,300 K (e.g., refs. [13][14][15], which corresponds to only very shallow mantle conditions under the oceans; however, deeper mantle conditions relevant to plate tectonic processes could not be reached and different extrapolations showed poor agreement with each other (1). The current lack of knowledge of the dielectric constant of water under the P and T of the mantle hampers our ability to model water-rock interactions, to study the solubility of minerals, and hence our understanding of geochemical processes involving aqueous fluids below the Earth's crust.…”

Structure and dynamics of water in nanoscopic spheres and tubes

“…In bulk liquid water and ice, the Kirkwood factor is quite large and attains a value of ∼3 as a result of the (near-)tetrahedral arrangement of the water dipoles. 57,59,60 In nanoconfined water however, the Kirkwood factor can be much smaller. Simulations by Senapati and Chandra have shown a 50% reduction of H 2 O for very small (0.61 nm radius) spherical water volumes that have no electrostatic interaction with the confining walls.…”

“…This effect of local ordering is usually accounted for by the so-called Kirkwood correlation factor g K , which is linearly proportional to , 57,58 …”