A forensic-based study on low angled AK rifle bullet entry wounds using a porcine model

Nishshanka, Bandula; Paranitharan, P.; Shepherd, Chris

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2020.102025

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Ricochet angles of bullets were calculated using basic trigonometry, as done in most of the ricochet experiments [13][14][15][16][17].Cumulative Failure Analysis in Minitab software was used to estimate the critical angles as done in the previous ricochet studies highlighted.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An empirical study on the close-range post-ricochet orientation of AK bullets (7.62 mm × 39 mm)

Nishshanka

Shepherd²,

Koene³

et al. 2022

Science & Justice

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This study used a commonly used experimental setup in many empirical ricochet studies [13][14][15][16][17]. A firmly mounted AK variant rifle fixed on a stable steel platform was used to fire at different target surfaces held at varying angles to the bullet's path.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An empirical study on the close-range post-ricochet orientation of AK bullets (7.62 mm × 39 mm)

Nishshanka

Shepherd²,

Koene³

et al. 2022

Science & Justice

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Upon completing the model, textures were applied, resulting in a textured 3D model of the entry wound on the skin and subcutaneous adipose tissue. Following the acquisition of the textured model, it was exported in "OBJ" format for further utilization in the "3ds max" program, allowing for scaling with measurements of the wound dimensions [6,11].…”

Section: Materials and Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvement of forensic medical diagnosis of projectile type injuries from automatic firearm chambered in 5.45 mm caliber through spatial 3D modeling

Zmiyevska,

Tryubner,

Savka

2024

Med. perspekt.

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Spatial 3D modeling has become one of the modern and most accurate evidential methods of research, carving out its niche in various fields of medical science and practice. Therefore, our focus has been on laying the groundwork for its implementation in the process of conducting forensic medical examinations of gunshot injuries, which have garnered significant attention from all forensic physicians, particularly after unprovoked aggression from Russia and the onset of active hostilities in our country. The aim of the study was to improve the forensic medical diagnosis of projectile type in injuries from automatic firearm AKS-74U chambered in 5.45x39 mm caliber by utilizing spatial 3D modeling of specific elements within the wound channel. The entire series of experimental shots was conducted using an AKS-74U firearm, with a bullet caliber of 5.45x39 mm. As the research material, Roma Plastilina Number 1 ballistic clay, manufactured in the USA, was used for conducting standardized ballistic tests according to NIJ (National Institute of Justice) and HOSDB (Home Office Scientific Development Branch) standards. The series of experiments consisted of 15 gunshots; then the physical characteristics of the bullet, main morphological elements of the wound of skin and different portions of wound channel were investigated (195 measurements in general). The morphological features of individual elements within the wound channel were measured using conventional measurement tools, and also after their 3D modeling using graphic editors such as "Agisoft Photoscan" and "3ds max." Direct and strong correlations (ranging from 0.60 to 0.72) have been established between the initial velocity, kinetic energy, specific energy of bullet, and the diameter of the entry wound in 3D modeling, as well as the diameters of the wound channel in its central portion, measured both by conventional measuring tools and based on the results of their 3D modeling (р=0,02). Furthermore, inverse correlation relationships of moderate strength (ranging from -0.63 to -0.66) have been detected between the initial velocity, kinetic energy, specific energy, and the presence of abrasion collar around the entry wound (р=0,03). The created conditions allow to conduct the differentiation in diagnosing the type of projectile, the identification and study of new characteristics of key elements in firearm-related injuries, and improvement in measurement accuracy. They also enhance clarity and objectivity during the execution of forensic medical examinations in cases of combat-related firearm injuries.

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An android-based field investigation tool to estimate the potential trajectories of perforated AK bullets in 1 mm sheet metal surfaces

Nishshanka¹,

Shepherd

Ariyarathna³

et al. 2021

Forensic Science International: Digital Investigation

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A forensic-based study on low angled AK rifle bullet entry wounds using a porcine model

Abstract: The version in the Kent Academic Repository may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check http://kar.kent.ac.uk for the status of the paper. Users should always cite the published version of record.

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

An empirical study on the close-range post-ricochet orientation of AK bullets (7.62 mm × 39 mm)

An empirical study on the close-range post-ricochet orientation of AK bullets (7.62 mm × 39 mm)

Improvement of forensic medical diagnosis of projectile type injuries from automatic firearm chambered in 5.45 mm caliber through spatial 3D modeling

An android-based field investigation tool to estimate the potential trajectories of perforated AK bullets in 1 mm sheet metal surfaces

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