A Forensic Analysis of Images on Online Social Networks

Castiglione, Aniello; Cattaneo, Giuseppe; Santis, Alfredo De

doi:10.1109/incos.2011.17

Cited by 37 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The processing may vary depending on the service, and usually involves some other characteristics of the images, such as image format, size, metadata, quality factor, etc. (see for example [5]). While the OSN usually perform some modifications on the file name of the published images, the OPS usually leave it unchanged.…”

Section: Steganography In the File Namementioning

confidence: 98%

“…Generally, OSN as well as OPS apply some processing to the images before their publication, for example by resizing, renaming, compressing, etc.. A characterization of the processing performed by some OSN/OPS has been presented in [5]. Facebook resizes the images to a resolution of 720 pixel or 2048 for high resolution images, and renames them with a string containing, among other things, the Facebook numeric user-id as well as the sequence-number of the photo.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Steganography and Secure Communication on Online Social Networks and Online Photo Sharing

Castiglione

D'Alessio

Santis

2011

2011 International Conference on Broadband and Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications

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On the in Internet today, there are numerous websites offering places to store and share images (photos, drawings, cliparts, etc.). Online Social Networks (OSN) and Online Photo Services (OPS) usually offer this type of service making it possible to upload and manage the images they publish. Users can publish their own images as well as add descriptions and tags. By adjusting the personal privacy settings, the images become visible only to authorized users, with it then being possible to add any comments. Generally, OSN/OPS manipulate the published images by resizing, upgrading metadata, compressing, embedding watermarking, and making it difficult to use wellknown steganographic techniques on them.In this paper two new steganographic schemes that mainly take advantage of the published images and survive the OSN/OPS processing before their publication, are proposed and analyzed. Finally, a notification system which uses tags to manage the sent/received information on the secret channel is proposed. This allows for the deletion of the received information as well as a bandwidth increase of the secret channel.

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Section: Steganography In the File Namementioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Steganography and Secure Communication on Online Social Networks and Online Photo Sharing

Castiglione

D'Alessio

Santis

2011

2011 International Conference on Broadband and Wireless Computing, Communication and Applications

Self Cite

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“…Original, image metadata could reveal the device that was used to take the image, the creation date, what changes and on which parts of the image these meta-changes have taken place. Meta-data may also help detect if any image editing tools have been used [31] [32]. Finally, an editorial feedback in a similar format to how Wikipedia operates authentication of information, could be linked to an image.…”

Section: A Images Checksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporate Responsibility in Combating Online Misinformation

Safieddine¹,

Masri²,

Pourghomi³

2016

ijacsa

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Abstract-In the age of mass information and misinformation, the corporate duty of developers of browsers, social media, and search engines are falling short of the minimum standards of responsibility. The tools and technologies are already available to combat misinformation online but the desire to integrate these tools has not taken enough priority to warrant action. This paper presents an effective and practical method based on technologies already available that could be used for browsers and social media websites that would help combat misinformation presented in the form of photo evidence, video evidence, or textual evidence the authors have termed as the "Right-click Authenticate" every browser and social media website should have.

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“…However, the reasons for this are not well understood. Three characteristics of images published on some OSNs, namely image format, metadata and pixel resolutions of digital images have been analyzed by Castiglione et al [20]. However, the use of steganography has not been examined.…”

Section: Background and Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secret message sharing using online social media

Ning

Singh

Madhyastha

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE Conference on Communications and Network Security

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Abstract-Recently, there have been proposals to evade censors by using steganography to embed secret messages in images shared on public photo-sharing sites. However, establishing a covert channel in this manner is not straightforward. First, photo-sharing sites often process uploaded images, thus destroying any embedded message. Second, prior work assumes the existence of an out-of-band channel, using which the communicating users can exchange metadata or secret keys a priori; establishing such out-of-band channels, not monitored by censors, is difficult.In this paper, we address these issues to facilitate private communications on photo-sharing sites. In doing so, first, we conduct an in-depth measurement study of the feasibility of hiding data on four popular photo-sharing sites. Second, based on the understanding derived, we propose a novel approach for embedding secret messages in uploaded photos while preserving the integrity of such messages. We demonstrate that, despite the processing on photo-sharing sites, our approach ensures reliable covert communication, without increasing the likelihood of being detected via steganalysis. Lastly, we design and implement a scheme for bootstrapping private communications without an out-of-band channel, i.e., by exchanging keys via uploaded images.

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A Forensic Analysis of Images on Online Social Networks

Cited by 37 publications

References 4 publications

Steganography and Secure Communication on Online Social Networks and Online Photo Sharing

Steganography and Secure Communication on Online Social Networks and Online Photo Sharing

Corporate Responsibility in Combating Online Misinformation

Secret message sharing using online social media

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