A Folsom Site in a Mountain Valley of Colorado

Hurst, C. T.

doi:10.2307/275905

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

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“…Clovis points were often longer, but with a shorter flute compared to Folsom points, where the flute scar is highly invasive on each face of the bifacial piece. Clovis points were therefore interpreted to be part of a distinct and early techno-complex in North America [33,41,42] and later found to date to a particular period of time, between ca. 13,400-12,900 years ago [43].…”

Section: Geographic Distribution Of the Fluting Methods Across The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluted-point technology in Neolithic Arabia: An independent invention far from the Americas

et al. 2020

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New World archaeologists have amply demonstrated that fluted point technology is specific to Terminal Pleistocene American cultures. Base-fluted, and rarer tip-fluted, projectile points from the Americas have been well-documented by archaeologists for nearly a century. Fluting is an iconic stone tool manufacturing method and a specific action that involves the extraction of a channel flake along the longitudinal axis of a bifacial piece. Here we report and synthesize information from Neolithic sites in southern Arabia, demonstrating the presence of fluting on a variety of stone tool types including projectile points. Fluted projectile points are known from both surface sites and stratified contexts in southern Arabia. Fluting technology has been clearly identified at the Manayzah site (Yemen) dating to 8000-7700 cal. BP. Examination of fluted points and channel flakes from southern Arabia enable a reconstruction of stone tool manufacturing techniques and reduction sequences (chaines opé ratoires). To illustrate the technological similarities and contrasts of fluting methods in Arabia and the Americas, comparative studies and experiments were conducted. Similarities in manufacturing approaches were observed on the fluting scars of bifacial pieces, whereas technological differences are apparent in the nature and localization of the flute and, most probably, the functional objective of fluting in economic, social and cultural contexts. Arabian and American fluted point technologies provide an excellent example of convergence of highly specialized stone tool production methods. Our description of Arabian and American fluting technology demonstrates that similar innovations and inventions were developed under different circumstances, and that highly-skilled and convergent production methods can have different anthropological implications.

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Section: Geographic Distribution Of the Fluting Methods Across The Worldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluted-point technology in Neolithic Arabia: An independent invention far from the Americas

et al. 2020

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“…This quasi-concomitant initial migration likely occurred preferentially along the coastal Pacific route (Hurst 1943;Fladmark 1979;Schurr 2004;Wang et al 2007;Achilli et al 2008;Perego et al 2010;Yang et al 2010;Erlandson and Braje 2011). The migration into America, however, seems to have been a more complex process than a ''single arrow on a map'' (Bandelt et al 2003;Perego et al 2009;Rothhammer and Dillehay 2009;Hubbe et al 2010;Erlandson and Braje 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid coastal spread of First Americans: Novel insights from South America's Southern Cone mitochondrial genomes

Bodner¹,

Perego²,

Huber³

et al. 2012

Genome Res.

169

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It is now widely agreed that the Native American founders originated from a Beringian source population ∼15–18 thousand years ago (kya) and rapidly populated all of the New World, probably mainly following the Pacific coastal route. However, details about the migration into the Americas and the routes pursued on the continent still remain unresolved, despite numerous genetic, archaeological, and linguistic investigations. To examine the pioneering peopling phase of the South American continent, we screened literature and mtDNA databases and identified two novel mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) clades, here named D1g and D1j, within the pan-American haplogroup D1. They both show overall rare occurrences but local high frequencies, and are essentially restricted to populations from the Southern Cone of South America (Chile and Argentina). We selected and completely sequenced 43 D1g and D1j mtDNA genomes applying highest quality standards. Molecular and phylogeographic analyses revealed extensive variation within each of the two clades and possibly distinct dispersal patterns. Their age estimates agree with the dating of the earliest archaeological sites in South America and indicate that the Paleo-Indian spread along the entire longitude of the American double continent might have taken even <2000 yr. This study confirms that major sampling and sequencing efforts are mandatory for uncovering all of the most basal variation in the Native American mtDNA haplogroups and for clarification of Paleo-Indian migrations, by targeting, if possible, both the general mixed population of national states and autochthonous Native American groups, especially in South America.

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“…The Lindenmeier site (Roberts 1935(Roberts ,1936 may have been associated with a bison kill but the skeletal material was not preserved for study. The Linger site in Colorado (Hurst 1943) was a Folsom bison kill; the Lipscomb site (Schultz 1943), the Lake Theo site (Harrison and Killen 1978), the Bonfire Shelter (Dibble and Lorrain 1968), and the Lubbock Lake Site (Sellards 1952;Johnson 1974), all in Texas, contain evidence of bison procurement in Folsom times.…”

Section: The Folsom Cultural Complexmentioning

confidence: 99%