A focused review on aluminum metallic foam: Processing, properties, and applications

Tripathi, Ojestez; Singh, Devendra Pratap; Dwivedi, Vijay Kumar; Agarwal, Mridul

doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2021.05.099

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“… 208 In some specific applications (such as metallic foam production), the formation of a high volume fraction of porosities is intentionally induced by exploiting this large solubility difference. 209 As for iron, reduction thermal plasma processes have also been tested for the lab-scale production of Cu, W, Co, Rh, Ge, Al, Ti, Cr, Mo, Ta, Sn, Ni and Zr. 207 Such processes involve the generation of an hydrogen plasma which is much more energetic and less thermodynamically stable than H , leading to a much higher reducing strength.…”

Section: Greener Reactants and Recycled Feeds In Pyrometallurgymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greener reactants, renewable energies and environmental impact mitigation strategies in pyrometallurgical processes: A review

Harvey

Courchesne

et al. 2022

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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Metals and alloys are among the most technologically important materials for our industrialized societies. They are the most common structural materials used in cars, airplanes and buildings, and constitute the technological core of most electronic devices. They allow the transportation of energy over great distances and are exploited in critical parts of renewable energy technologies. Even though primary metal production industries are mature and operate optimized pyrometallurgical processes, they extensively rely on cheap and abundant carbonaceous reactants (fossil fuels, coke), require high power heating units (which are also typically powered by fossil fuels) to calcine, roast, smelt and refine, and they generate many output streams with high residual energy content. Many unit operations also generate hazardous gaseous species on top of large CO2 emissions which require gas-scrubbing and capture strategies for the future. Therefore, there are still many opportunities to lower the environmental footprint of key pyrometallurgical operations. This paper explores the possibility to use greener reactants such as bio-fuels, bio-char, hydrogen and ammonia in different pyrometallurgical units. It also identifies all recycled streams that are available (such as steel and aluminum scraps, electronic waste and Li-ion batteries) as well as the technological challenges associated with their integration in primary metal processes. A complete discussion about the alternatives to carbon-based reduction is constructed around the use of hydrogen, metallo-reduction as well as inert anode electrometallurgy. The review work is completed with an overview of the different approaches to use renewable energies and valorize residual heat in pyrometallurgical units. Finally, strategies to mitigate environmental impacts of pyrometallurgical operations such as CO2 capture utilization and storage as well as gas scrubbing technologies are detailed. This original review paper brings together for the first time all potential strategies and efforts that could be deployed in the future to decrease the environmental footprint of the pyrometallurgical industry. It is primarily intended to favour collaborative work and establish synergies between academia, the pyrometallurgical industry, decision-makers and equipment providers. Graphical abstract Highlights A more sustainable production of metals using greener reactants, green electricity or carbon capture is possible and sometimes already underway. More investments and pressure are required to hasten change. Discussion Is there enough pressure on the aluminum and steel industries to meet the set climate targets? The greenhouse gas emissions of existing facilities can often be partly mitigated by retrofitting them with green technologies, should we close plants prematurely to build new plants using greener technologies? Since green or renewable resources presently have limited availability, in which sector should we use them to maximize their benefits?

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Section: Greener Reactants and Recycled Feeds In Pyrometallurgymentioning

confidence: 99%

Greener reactants, renewable energies and environmental impact mitigation strategies in pyrometallurgical processes: A review

Harvey

Courchesne

et al. 2022

MRS Energy & Sustainability

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“…In the construction industry they can be used, for example, as protective elements in fire protection [16]. In engineering, their low weight is used to lighten structures [17]. In transport, metallic foams are successfully used in vehicle crumple zones due to their ability to absorb impact energy [18].…”

Section: History Of the Use Of Metallic Foamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of Cast Metallic Foams with Irregular and Regular Inner Structure

et al. 2021

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The aim of this paper is to summarize the possibilities of foundry methods for the production of metallic foams. At present, there are a number of production technologies for this interesting material, to which increasing attention has been paid in recent years. What is unique about metallic foams is the combination of their physical and mechanical properties. As part of our research, we designed and verified four main methods of metallic foam production by the foundry technology, whose products are metallic foam castings with regular and irregular arrangements of internal cavities. All these methods use materials and processes commonly used in conventional foundry technologies. The main idea of the research is to highlight such technologies for the production of metallic foams that could be provided by manufacturing companies without the need to introduce changes in production. Moreover, foundry methods for the production of metallic foams have the unique advantage of being able to produce even complex shaped parts and can thus be competitive compared to today’s established technologies, the output of which is usually only a semi-finished product for further processing. This fact was the main motivation for the research.

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“…The aluminum foam sandwich panel is a structural and functional integrated composite material with low density, high specific stiffness and strength, and outstanding energy-absorbing capability [ 1 , 2 ]. With excellent properties, AFS is widely used as lightweight energy-absorbing components which can enhance the impact resistance of structures, such as improving the crashworthiness of motor vehicles and explosion-proof facilities [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation of the Indentation Resistance of Aluminum Foam Sandwich Panels with Metallurgical Bonding Interfaces under Low-Velocity Impact

Gao

Huang

et al. 2023

Materials

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The impact resistance of aluminum foam sandwich panels (AFS) with metallurgical bonding interfaces prepared by the powder cladding rolling method was investigated. Low-velocity impact tests were conducted by using a drop-weight impact facility to explore the dynamic mechanical behavior, deformation and damage mechanisms, and energy absorption of AFS with metallurgical bonding interfaces. The effects of variation of impact energy, panel thickness, and specimen density on the energy absorption performance of AFS were quantitatively evaluated by energy absorption indicators. The results indicate that the load-displacement curve illustrates prominent three-stage characteristics when the impact energy is 120 J containing the front panel yielding stage, the foam core’s compressive and shear failure stage, and the back panel fracture stage. The impact strength of the sandwich structure increases with increasing panel thickness and specimen density. The AFS with metallurgical bonding interfaces presents favorable energy absorption efficiency under low velocity.

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A focused review on aluminum metallic foam: Processing, properties, and applications

Cited by 19 publications

References 31 publications

Greener reactants, renewable energies and environmental impact mitigation strategies in pyrometallurgical processes: A review

Greener reactants, renewable energies and environmental impact mitigation strategies in pyrometallurgical processes: A review

Preparation of Cast Metallic Foams with Irregular and Regular Inner Structure

Investigation of the Indentation Resistance of Aluminum Foam Sandwich Panels with Metallurgical Bonding Interfaces under Low-Velocity Impact

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