A fluorescent probe for carbon monoxide based on allyl ether rather than allyl ester: A practical strategy to avoid the interference of esterase in cell imaging

A highly sensitive fluorescent probe for ozone based on coumarin-benzothiazole derivative

“…Based on the characteristics of coumarin and benzothiazole dyes (Wang et al 2015;Fang et al 2019), the benzothiazole heterocycle was introduced into the 3 positions of the coumarin ring. The purpose of this design is to improve the properties of the fluorophore.…”

Functional Polysiloxane Enables Visualization of the Presence of Carbon Monoxide in Biological Systems and Films

“…27−35 However, the problem is that esterases widely exist in organisms and biological samples, such as fetal bovine serum for cell culture. 36,37 The presence of esterase may lead to the removal of the ester on the probe, causing unavoidable interference. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of fluorescent probe to solve such problem.…”

“…Compared to the fluorescent probes of endogenous gasotransmitters NO, H 2 S, and H 2 O 2 , the biological detection of CO is still in its infancy, and there is an urgent need to design a fluorescent probe that visualizes CO at the cellular level. Ever since a breakthrough development originated from the pioneering work of He’s group and Chang’s group, fluorescent probes for CO localization have begun to spring up progressively. − Due to the reducibility of CO, the Pd 0 -mediated Tsuji–Trost reaction has drawn more attention for the prominent performance in designing new CO fluorescent probes. − Currently, several CO fluorescent probes have been mainly designed with allyl methyl carbonate or allyl carbamate as the reaction site. − However, the problem is that esterases widely exist in organisms and biological samples, such as fetal bovine serum for cell culture. , The presence of esterase may lead to the removal of the ester on the probe, causing unavoidable interference. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new type of fluorescent probe to solve such problem. − In addition, up to now, there has been no relevant report on the detection of CO films due to the lack of corresponding material design methods.…”

CO Sense and Release Flavonols: Progress toward the Development of an Analyte Replacement PhotoCORM for Use in Living Cells

“…Many methods for the detection of CO have been reported, including gas chromatography, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), chromogenic detection, electrochemical and myoglobin assays, and commercial CO detectors. − However, many of these approaches are not suitable for real-time detection of CO in living systems. Recently, fluorescence detection-based probes have emerged as useful tools to monitor and detect CO in biological systems. − Three primary types of fluorescent molecular CO sensors have been developed. Palladacycle compounds, such as COP-1 (Figure a), exhibit quenched fluorescence for the organic fluorophore due to the presence of Pd­(II).…”

“…Palladacycle compounds, such as COP-1 (Figure a), exhibit quenched fluorescence for the organic fluorophore due to the presence of Pd­(II). Loss of the metal ion following palladium-mediated carbonylation with CO results in the formation of a detectable organic fluorophore. − A second class of CO sensors function via the Pd(0)-mediated cleavage of an allyl propyl ether or carbonate appendage. − This Tsuji–Trost reactivity follows the approach used for sensing palladium in cellular environments. − The first example of this type of sensor, PCO-1, was reported by Pal, et al and resulted in the formation of a coumarin fluorophore (Figure b). A third type of proposed CO sensor is based on the CO-mediated reduction of an aryl nitro moiety to a primary amine. − An example of a sensor in this class is the naphthalimide-based sensor COFP (Figure c) .…”