A Fluorescent Naphthalenediimide-Alkoxyfuroxan Photoinduced Nitric Oxide Donor

Abstract

We describe the design and facile synthesis of a fluorescent alkoxyfuroxan naphthalenediimide (NDI) hybrid nitric oxide (NO) donor molecule which releases NO under spatiotemporal control when irradiated with visible light (420-600 nm). The hybrid also demonstrates cellular uptake made possible by its fluorescence capability. This research consolidates on our recent work into visible light absorbing photosensitised furoxan NO release by addressing the limitations of previous designs. Key points of photoinduced nitric oxide donors are highlighted such as water solubility, NO release, cellular uptake, fluorescence, and longer absorption wavelengths.

Recent progress in synthesis and application of furoxan

“… 86 Not only 4-fluorofuroxan but 4-alkoxyfuroxan could also be photoexcited using a triplet photosensitizer. 87 Based on these results, two furoxan molecules 89 and 90 that come with furoxan and photosensitizer entities in one molecule have been developed as visible light-triggered NO donors ( Fig. 4 ).…”

Nitric Oxide Gas in Carbon Nanohorn/Fluorinated Dendrimer/Fluorinated Poly(ethylene glycol)-Based Hierarchical Nanocomposites as Therapeutic Nanocarriers

“…Recently, pharmaceutical researchers and industries have begun to focus on the research and development of NO gas carrier systems with effective sustainability, 12 instead of NO donor materials. 13 By the highly porous materials as delivery systems, NO gas can be transported into cells, allowing reduction in the dose of NO gas to achieve therapeutic levels. The noncarbon-based porous materials most comprehensively studied include zeolites, 14 metal−organic frameworks, 15 silica nanoparticles, 16 etc.…”