A flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on a super-stretchable and self-healable hydrogel as the electrode

Long, Yong; Chen, Yanghui; Liu, Yadi; Chen, Guangyao; Guo, Wenbin; Kang, Xiaofang; Pu, Xiong; Hu, Weiguo; Wang, Zhong Lin

doi:10.1039/d0nr02967j

Cited by 48 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Conducive hydrogel is of utmost importance for e-skins by virtue of its exibility, stretchability, self-healing properties, sensitivity, and adhesiveness, [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73]86,152 which have made it a promising alternative for traditional inorganic conductive materials. 153 Thus, its fabrication strategies continue to be a great impetus to achieve incremental performances of conductive hydrogels.…”

Section: Perspective and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…64,65 Among all the copolymerization strategies, direct copolymerization and graing are two widely utilized approaches to fabricate conductive hydrogels through copolymerization, realizing multifunctional features of hydrogels, such as conductivity, stretchability, stability, self-healing property, and biocompatibility. 34,35,[66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81] However, the majority of hydrogels are restricted by the poor mechanical strength, 82 leading to insufficient stability and efficiency for practical utilization. To tackle the limitations on structural robustness, incorporation of high-strength llers and constructing crosslinked structures are designed during fabrication.…”

Section: Copolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…83 These conductive hydrogels can be applied to generate multifunctional e-skins or exible electronic devices. [66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73] A facile methodology of direct copolymerization for conductive hydrogels is to control the content of monomers in the copolymers in order to realize the specic properties of hydrogels. For example, Jiang et al established a mechanical-tunable conductive hydrogel by copolymerizing hydrophobic HEMA (hydroxyethyl methacrylate) and AA (acrylic acid), catering to the different requirements of mechanical properties of hydrogels.…”

Section: Direct Copolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards conductive hydrogels in e-skins: a review on rational design and recent developments

2021

RSC Adv.

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Section: Perspective and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Copolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Direct Copolymerizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards conductive hydrogels in e-skins: a review on rational design and recent developments

2021

RSC Adv.

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“…Long et al 90 developed an ultra-stretchable hydrogel through the polymerization of dopamine and acrylamide in the presence of N, N 0 -methylene bisacrylamide (crosslinker), and tetramethylethylenediamine (catalyst). Dopamine was physically crosslinked in alkaline conditions, leading to the formation of polydopamine chains, and acrylamide was added and covalently crosslinked.…”

Section: Mechanical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrogel‐based triboelectric nanogenerators: Properties, performance, and applications

Torres

Troncoso

De-la-Torre

2021

Intl J of Energy Research

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Summary The development of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) in 2012 revolutionized the vision of environmental energy harvesting. Nowadays, TENG assembly, working mode, and material selection are investigated continuously in order to obtain high‐performance and long‐lasting devices. Hydrogels are flexible and stretchable water‐swollen 3D polymer networks, which can be tailored to conduct electricity and render outstanding mechanical properties. Hydrogels have been used to develop novel flexible wearable TENGs. Here, we review the current knowledge concerning hydrogel‐based TENGs, including an overview of relevant hydrogel characteristics, hydrogel‐based TENG performance, and their practical applications. The single‐electrode TENG working mode is the most popular in hydrogel‐based TENGs as they can be easily attached and stretched for biomechanical energy harvesting. Hydrogel‐based TENGs have demonstrated to be capable of delivering high electrical output (250‐400 V, ≥10 μA) and being robust enough for devices that last for several months. Biomechanical energy sensing and harvesting, smart farming, biomedical, and human–machine control interfaces are investigated as potential applications of hydrogel‐based TENGs. Interestingly, energy harvesting from human motion is of particular interest for this type of TENG due to its outstanding stretchability, strength, and additional physical properties, such as self‐healing ability. In most cases, the devices are capable of powering small electronics entirely from harvested biomechanical energy. Biomedical applications involved wound healing acceleration driven by TENG‐powered electrical stimuli and disease monitoring, including implantable devices. Despite showing promising electrical performance, controlling water evaporation is still challenging to maintain the mechanical and conductive properties of hydrogel‐based TENGs. On the other hand, fully biodegradable TENGs are largely unexplored, as well as many applications, such as blue energy harvesting, the internet of things, and others. The next steps in this line of research must focus on addressing the main challenges of hydrogel‐based TENGs and filling the application knowledge gaps.

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“…Until now, much efforts have been devoted in self-healing TENGs. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22] Researchers initially focused on the electrode of TENG. For example, Guan et al developed a self-healing electrode by incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into disulfide bond-based epoxy resin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Abrasion and Fracture Self‐Healable Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Ultrahigh Stretchability and Long‐Term Durability

Jiang

Guan

Liu

et al. 2021

Adv Funct Materials

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Since triboelectrification results from materials in physical contact, the durability of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) must be improved. However, it still poses challenges to continuously repair surface abrasion even when self-healable materials are introduced. In this study, an ultrastretchable TENG (US-TENG) that simultaneously heal the fracture and abrasion at room temperature is fabricated. By incorporating hydrogen bonds and dynamic metal-ligand coordination into polydimethylsiloxane chains, the synthesized elastomers possess ultrahigh stretchability (10 000%) and remarkable selfhealing property (100% efficiency) at room temperature. Working in contactseparation mode, the electrical outputs with 2 × 2 cm 2 area can reach 140 V, 40 nC, 1.5 µA, respectively. Besides, the US-TENG shows a stretchability of 1800% with high electrical outputs. Even if it is stretched to break or scratched to wear out, it can recover its electrical outputs in 20 min and 2 h at room temperature, respectively. Finally, the application of the US-TENG as flexible power sources and self-powered pressure sensors is demonstrated. This designed strategy with ultrahigh stretchability and excellent self-healing properties can meet the wide applications of flexible and wearable electronics for long-term use.

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A flexible triboelectric nanogenerator based on a super-stretchable and self-healable hydrogel as the electrode

Abstract: Stretchable electronic devices nowadays have become more and more necessary in our daily lives, and most of the present electronic devices are based on inorganic materials.

Cited by 48 publications

References 51 publications

Towards conductive hydrogels in e-skins: a review on rational design and recent developments

Towards conductive hydrogels in e-skins: a review on rational design and recent developments

Hydrogel‐based triboelectric nanogenerators: Properties, performance, and applications

Abrasion and Fracture Self‐Healable Triboelectric Nanogenerator with Ultrahigh Stretchability and Long‐Term Durability

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