A Flexible Phased-Array Architecture for Reception and Rapid Direction-of-Arrival Finding Utilizing Pseudo-Random Antenna Weight Modulation and Compressive Sampling

Bajor, Matthew; Haque, Tanbir; Han, Guoxiang; Zhang, Ciyuan; Wright, John; Kinget, Peter R.

doi:10.1109/jssc.2019.2900200

Cited by 14 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This subsection verifies the proposed expression in (15) and shows the impact of different alphabet sizes on the interference rejection achieved by the proposed and the exhaustive search algorithms. To do so, we generated vector modulator alphabets with different sizes varying from 3 × 3 (alphabet size 9) to 12 × 12 (alphabet size 144) and simulated the interference rejection under the predefined setup parameters.…”

Section: Interference Rejection Versus Different Alphabet Sizesupporting

confidence: 69%

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Vector Modulator-Based Analog Beamforming Using the Least Euclidean Distance Criterion

2021

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In traditional multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) receivers, radio frequency (RF) frontends are exposed to interference as no analog spatial filtering is employed before the digital beamforming stage. Therefore the RF front-end is power-hungry, and analog to digital converters require a high dynamic range. In this paper, we consider an analog beamforming system in case of narrowband signals to cancel interference early in the analog domain, thus reducing the required ADC resolution. In contrast to existing analog beamformers with only phase shifts, our proposed design employs vector modulators where the coefficients can be selected from a set of weights with variable phases and amplitudes. We also propose an efficient and fast Euclidean distance algorithm to determine the analog beamformer coefficients while being suitable for realistic scenarios. Finally, an expression is introduced to estimate the interference rejection achieved by employing the proposed algorithm and a vector modulator in the RF domain. The introduced algorithm leads to considerable improvement in computational complexity by slightly sacrificing interference rejection.

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Section: Interference Rejection Versus Different Alphabet Sizesupporting

confidence: 69%

“…6 shows the interference rejection as a function of the alphabet size where the input SNR is set to 30 dB to rule out the effect of noise on the results. We display the estimated interference rejection based on (15) and the simulation results. As it can be clearly seen in Fig.…”

Section: Interference Rejection Versus Different Alphabet Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

Vector Modulator-Based Analog Beamforming Using the Least Euclidean Distance Criterion

2021

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“…With the increased availability of mmW testbeds, there are many proofs-of-concept. Work in [3] reports a chip-level demonstration of CS based beam alignment with a channel emulator. [15,23] showcase fast alignment by solving CPR problems, while [2,11] design and demonstrate fast beam alignment using multi-lobe sounding beams and combinatorics inspired algorithms.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The API also provides measurements from the received preamble, e.g., received signal strength indicator, short training eld (STF) specied SNR, and long-training eld specic channel impulse response estimation. Note that although multiple automatic gain control (AGC) ampliers are involved in preamble measurements, a look-up table is used to make the impact of AGC transparent, which indicates the delity of model (3). The array oset was calibrated and compensated using a golden design instead of device-by-device calibration.…”

Section: Implementation In Mmw Testbedmentioning

confidence: 99%

mmRAPID

Han

Domae

Čabrić

2020

Proceedings of the 4th ACM Workshop on Millimeter-Wave Networks and Sensing Systems

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Millimeter-wave communication has the potential to deliver orders of magnitude increases in mobile data rates. A key design challenge is to enable rapid beam alignment with phased arrays. Traditional millimeter-wave systems require a high beam alignment overhead, typically an exhaustive beam sweep, to nd the beam direction with the highest beamforming gain. Compressive sensing is a promising framework to accelerate beam alignment. However, model mismatch from practical array hardware impairments poses a challenge to its implementation. In this work, we introduce a neural network assisted compressive beam alignment method that uses noncoherent received signal strength measured by a small number of pseudorandom sounding beams to infer the optimal beam steering direction. We experimentally showcase our proposed approach with a 60GHz 36-element phased array in a suburban line-of-sight environment. The results show that our approach achieves post alignment beamforming gain within 1dB margin compared to an exhaustive search with 90.2% overhead reduction. Compared to purely model-based noncoherent compressive beam alignment, our method has 75% overhead reduction. CCS CONCEPTS• Hardware ! Beamforming; • Networks ! Link-layer protocols; Physical links.

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“…The first category intends to reduce the required number of probing beams. Specifically, the number scales logarithmically with the array size when advanced signal processing techniques that exploit the sparsity of mmW channel are used [8]- [10]. Further, various side-information, e.g., location information and out-of-band measurements [11], can also be used to reduce the required number of probing beams.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

True-Time-Delay Arrays for Fast Beam Training in Wideband Millimeter-Wave Systems

Boljanovic¹,

Han²,

Lin³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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The best beam steering directions are estimated through beam training, which is one of the most important and challenging tasks in millimeter-wave and sub-terahertz communications. Novel array architectures and signal processing techniques are required to avoid prohibitive beam training overhead associated with large antenna arrays and narrow beams. In this work, we leverage recent developments in true-time-delay (TTD) arrays with large delay-bandwidth products to accelerate beam training using frequency-dependent probing beams. We propose and study two TTD architecture candidates, including analog and hybrid analog-digital arrays, that can facilitate beam training with only one wideband pilot. We also propose a suitable algorithm that requires a single pilot to achieve high-accuracy estimation of angle of arrival. The proposed array architectures are compared in terms of beam training requirements and performance, robustness to practical hardware impairments, and power consumption. The findings suggest that the analog and hybrid TTD arrays achieve a sub-degree beam alignment precision with 66% and 25% lower power consumption than a fully digital array, respectively. Our results yield important design trade-offs among the basic system parameters, power consumption, and accuracy of angle of arrival estimation in fast TTD beam training. Index Terms-True-time-delay array, array architecture, beam training, millimeter-wave communication, wideband systems I. INTRODUCTIONA BUNDANT spectrum at millimeter-wave (mmW) frequencies is seen as the key resource for providing high data rates in the fifth generation of cellular systems [1]. However, the use of mmW communication bands comes at the cost of less favorable propagation conditions [2]. Both the base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) are required to use large antenna arrays to achieve high beamforming (BF) gain and compensate for severe propagation loss. Beam pointing directions are estimated through beam training, a procedure that identifies the angle of arrival (AoA) and angle

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A Flexible Phased-Array Architecture for Reception and Rapid Direction-of-Arrival Finding Utilizing Pseudo-Random Antenna Weight Modulation and Compressive Sampling

Cited by 14 publications

References 25 publications

Vector Modulator-Based Analog Beamforming Using the Least Euclidean Distance Criterion

Vector Modulator-Based Analog Beamforming Using the Least Euclidean Distance Criterion

mmRAPID

True-Time-Delay Arrays for Fast Beam Training in Wideband Millimeter-Wave Systems

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