Abstract:A flexible, electrochromic, rechargeable Zn-ion battery, with a monitoring function of the energy storage according to color variation, has been prepared and characterized.
“…-highly flexible -inexpensive -poor stability -not highly conductive -developing processing techniques which can create uniform distribution of organic active materials on conductive matrix -developing novel doping strategies to enhance the conductivity [324], [327] can form strong adhesion to the active material as well as offer sufficient transport pathways to lithium ions. Fourthly, the density of active sites is low for electrodes with layered nanomaterials.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Continuous efforts have been devoted to the application of organic compounds as the active material in cathodes for LIBs due to a couple of reasons, such as excellent resistance to mechanical deformations. There are a few commonly used types of materials which could be applied in the electrodes in metal ion batteries, i) conductive polymers (such as polyaniline), [324] ii) polymers with redox-active functional groups [325] and iii) radical polymers (such as nitroxides). [326] As an example, poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA) is a type of widely used cathode active material for LIBs.…”
techniques, based on either electrochemical or radiology methodologies, are covered as well. In addition, state-of-the-art research findings are provided to illustrate the effect of nanomaterials and nanostructures in promoting the rate performance of lithium ion batteries. Finally, several challenges and shortcomings of applying nanotechnology in fabricating highrate lithium ion batteries are summarised.
“…-highly flexible -inexpensive -poor stability -not highly conductive -developing processing techniques which can create uniform distribution of organic active materials on conductive matrix -developing novel doping strategies to enhance the conductivity [324], [327] can form strong adhesion to the active material as well as offer sufficient transport pathways to lithium ions. Fourthly, the density of active sites is low for electrodes with layered nanomaterials.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Continuous efforts have been devoted to the application of organic compounds as the active material in cathodes for LIBs due to a couple of reasons, such as excellent resistance to mechanical deformations. There are a few commonly used types of materials which could be applied in the electrodes in metal ion batteries, i) conductive polymers (such as polyaniline), [324] ii) polymers with redox-active functional groups [325] and iii) radical polymers (such as nitroxides). [326] As an example, poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy-4-yl methacrylate) (PTMA) is a type of widely used cathode active material for LIBs.…”
techniques, based on either electrochemical or radiology methodologies, are covered as well. In addition, state-of-the-art research findings are provided to illustrate the effect of nanomaterials and nanostructures in promoting the rate performance of lithium ion batteries. Finally, several challenges and shortcomings of applying nanotechnology in fabricating highrate lithium ion batteries are summarised.
“…The electrochemically triggered intercalation-induced color change has been used to know the state-of-charge of ZIB devices. [328][329][330] Li et al have fabricated Ti-substituted tungsten molybdenum oxide (MTWO)-based ZIB, which shows electrochromic nature during discharging. [328] The redox potential difference (ΔE) between the MTWO cathode (> 0.24 V vs SHE) and the Zn anode (~À 0.76 V vs SHE) is the driving force for the 18d).…”
The growing demand for the renewable energy storage technologies stimulated the quest for efficient energy storage devices. In recent years, the rechargeable aqueous zinc-based battery technologies are emerging as a compelling alternative to the lithium-based batteries owing to safety, eco-friendliness, and cost-effectiveness. Among the zinc-based energy devices, rechargeable zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) are drawing considerable attention. However, they are plagued with several issues, including cathode dissolution, dendrite formation, etc.. Despite several efforts in the recent past, ZIBs are still in their infant stages and have yet to reach the stage of large-scale production. Finding stable Zn 2 + intercalation cathode material with high operating voltage and long cycling stability as well as dendrite-free Zn anode is the main challenge in the develop-ment of efficient zinc-ion storage devices. This Review discusses the various strategies, in terms of the engineering of cathode, anode and electrolyte, adopted for improving the charge storage performance of ZIBs and highlights the recent ZIB technological innovations. A brief account on the history of zinc-based devices and various cathode materials tested for ZIB fabrication in the last five years are also included. The main focus of this Review is to provide a detailed account on the rational engineering of the electrodes, electrolytes, and separators for improving the charge storage performance with a future perspective to achieving high energy density and long cycling stability and large-scale production for practical application.
“…As discussed above the problem of needing an acidic electrolyte (solution) for PANI to work properly and a neutral solution to avoid excessive corrosion of zinc in a secondary battery a polymer of aniline-2,5-disulfonic acid has been suggested (Wang et al 2020f). With a quasi-solid electrolyte a flexible battery with 80% capacity retention after 1000 cycles was prepared.…”
Section: Icps and Composites In Secondary Batteriesmentioning
Intrinsically conducting polymers and their copolymers and composites with redox-active organic molecules prepared by chemical as well as electrochemical polymerization may yield active masses without additional binder and conducting agents for secondary battery electrodes possibly utilizing the advantageous properties of both constituents are discussed. Beyond these possibilities these polymers have found many applications and functions for various further purposes in secondary batteries, as binders, as protective coatings limiting active material corrosion, unwanted dissolution of active mass ingredients or migration of electrode reaction participants. Selected highlights from this rapidly developing and very diverse field are presented. Possible developments and future directions are outlined.
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