A flame-retardant polymer electrolyte for high performance lithium metal batteries with an expanded operation temperature

Xiang, Jingwei; Zhang, Yi; Bao, Zhenan; Yuan, Lixia; Liu, Xueting; Cheng, Zexiao; Yang, Yan; Zhang, Xinxin; Li, Zhen; Shen, Yue; Jiang, Jianjun; Huang, Yunhui

doi:10.1039/d1ee00049g

Cited by 177 publications

(133 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…Therefore,various strategies have been proposed to improve the dissolution of LiNO 3 additives in carbonate-based electrolytes.Zhang et al reported that 1wt% LiNO 3 can dissolve in the conventional carbonate electrolyte with atrace amount of CuF 2 . [87] Other fluorinated compounds such as SnF 2 [88] (Figure 6F)and tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (TPFPB) [89,90] also improves the dissolution of LiNO 3 in the carbonatebased electrolyte.S un et al (Figure 6G)d issolved LiNO 3 in the ether-based electrolyte and then immersed Li metal into the LiNO 3 solution to form an ex-situ SEI layer. [61] Adding ac o-solvent such as DME, [91] TEGDME, [92] or DMSO [93] (Figure 6C)i sa lso as olution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Electrolyte Design for High‐Energy‐Density Li‐Metal Batteries under Practical Conditions

et al. 2021

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Given the limitations inherent in current intercalation‐based Li‐ion batteries, much research attention has focused on potential successors to Li‐ion batteries such as lithium–sulfur (Li‐S) batteries and lithium–oxygen (Li‐O2) batteries. In order to realize the potential of these batteries, the use of metallic lithium as the anode is essential. However, there are severe safety hazards associated with the growth of Li dendrites, and the formation of “dead Li” during cycles leads to the inevitable loss of active Li, which in the end is undoubtedly detrimental to the actual energy density of Li‐metal batteries. For Li‐metal batteries under practical conditions, a low negative/positive ratio (N/P ratio), a electrolyte/cathode ratio (E/C ratio) along with a high‐voltage cathode is prerequisite. In this Review, we summarize the development of new electrolyte systems for Li‐metal batteries under practical conditions, revisit the design criteria of advanced electrolytes for practical Li‐metal batteries and provide perspectives on future development of electrolytes for practical Li‐metal batteries.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Electrolyte Design for High‐Energy‐Density Li‐Metal Batteries under Practical Conditions

et al. 2021

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“…In addition, a highly innovative idea is the use of flame-retardant polymer electrolytes as a good option for high-performance lithium metal batteries with expanded operating temperatures. The advantage of flame-retardant polymer electrolytes, besides making the batteries safer, is that their use leads to a stable SEI, good interfacial contact, low interface resistance and smooth surfaces [43,44]. The ionic conductivity influences parameters such as the maximum current density.…”

Section: Conductivity Measurementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Starch as the Flame Retardant for Electrolytes in Lithium-Ion Cells

2022

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The main purpose of this work is to illustrate the flame retardant properties of corn starch that is used as an additive to the classic electrolytes in lithium-ion cells. The advantages of using natural biomass include the increased biodegradability of the cell, compliance with the slogan of green chemistry, as well as the widespread availability and easy isolation of this ingredient. Due to the non-Newtonian properties of starch, it increases work safety and prevents the occurrence of thermal runaway as a shear-thinning fluid in the event of a collision. Thus, its use may, in the future, prevent explosions that affect electric cars with lithium-ion batteries without significantly degrading the electrochemical parameters of the cell. In the manuscript, the viscosity test, flash point measurements, the SET (self-extinguishing time) test and conductivity measurements were performed, in addition to the determination of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) for the anode system. Additionally, the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters, for both flow and conductivity, were determined for a deeper analysis; this constitutes the scientific novelty of this study. Through mathematical analysis, it was shown that the optimal amount of added starch is 5%. This is supported primarily by the determined kinetic and thermodynamic parameters and the fact that the system did not gel during heating.

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“…Furthermore, sluggish ionic transportation in cathode materials may cause quick capacity drop at a high rate, which is even worse at low temperature. [ 22 ] Based on the above consideration, we envisage that in‐site polymerization of liquid electrolyte is a reliable strategy to develop solid sodium battery with compact interfacial contact and wide operation temperature. The logic for hypothesizing that upgrading traditional liquid electrolyte via in situ gelation would enhance the performance of SMBs in terms of two folds: first, with a similar viscosity, the precursor electrolyte and liquid electrolyte can easily penetrate into every hole of the battery.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Approaching Practically Accessible and Environmentally Adaptive Sodium Metal Batteries with High Loading Cathodes through In Situ Interlock Interface

Zhou

Xiao

Han

et al. 2022

Adv Funct Materials

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Fast‐charging and high‐energy‐density solid‐state sodium metal batteries (SMBs) working under harsh temperatures are in urgent demand for the state‐of‐the‐art secondary batteries. However, the unmatched interfacial contact and temperature‐limited ionic conductivity still impede SMBs from authentic commercialization. Constructing a 3D ion diffusion channel through in situ interlock interfaces can effectively address these bottlenecks. Herein, an in situ cured gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is developed by introducing trihydroxymethylpropyl triacrylate (TMPTA) into conventional electrolytes. The as‐prepared GPE can generate superior 3D ionic conductive networks in the cathodes with high ionic conductivity at universal temperatures (0–60 °C) and a wide working potential, which successfully pairs with the high‐voltage cathodes with ultrahigh loads of 13.01 mg cm−1 to develop a practical solid‐state battery. Furthermore, as deciphered by in‐depth X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, the flexible solid electrolyte interphase layer is stable enough to prevent sodium metal from the corrosion of the electrolyte and the formation of sodium dendrites. Benefitting from this “two‐in‐one” effect, solid‐state SMBs with the in situ GPE exhibit an excellent long‐term cycling stability at 60 °C with a capacity retention of 80% after 1000 cycles at 1 C, and superior temperature adaptability even at 0 °C with a rate capacity retention of 90% at 1 C compared with that at 0.1 C.

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A flame-retardant polymer electrolyte for high performance lithium metal batteries with an expanded operation temperature

Abstract: Polymer electrolytes with high ionic conductivity, good interfacial stability and safety are in urgent demand for practical rechargeable lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein we propose a novel flame-retardant polymerized 1,...

Cited by 177 publications

References 55 publications

Advanced Electrolyte Design for High‐Energy‐Density Li‐Metal Batteries under Practical Conditions

Advanced Electrolyte Design for High‐Energy‐Density Li‐Metal Batteries under Practical Conditions

Starch as the Flame Retardant for Electrolytes in Lithium-Ion Cells

Approaching Practically Accessible and Environmentally Adaptive Sodium Metal Batteries with High Loading Cathodes through In Situ Interlock Interface

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