A First Report of <i>Rothia aeria</i> Endocarditis Complicated by Cerebral Hemorrhage

Abstract

We herein report the first case of infective endocarditis attributable to Rothia aeria, which had a fatal outcome after cerebral hemorrhagic infarction and was not susceptible to vancomycin. If Gram-positive bacillary or filamentous bacteria that form white, coarse, dry colonies are detected, keeping the possibility of Rothia species in mind is advisable because members of this species can cause severe infections.

The first report of survival postRothia aeriaendocarditis

“…It has also previously been detected as a normal oral cavity commensal in humans 3 . R aeria on the other hand has been shown to cause acute bronchitis1 but has only once ever been reported to have caused endocarditis 2. In this case a 40-year-old Japanese man presented with fever, headache and arthralgia; he later went on to develop cerebral haemorrhagic infarction and died 15 days after admission 2.…”

“…R aeria however, has only once before been identified to cause endocarditis; which resulted in a fatality after cerebral haemorrhage 1 2. Our case notes the first ever survival after R aeria induced endocarditis.…”

Successful management ofRothia aeriapneumonia during the peritransplant period: first reported case in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant

“…been reported to date, and m ost were associated with the use of im m unosuppressants for underlying diseases [2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

“…Only seven cases of R. aeria infection have been reported [2][3][4][5][6][7][8], because most reported Rothia species infection cases were caused by R. dentocariosa and R. mucilaginosa. Both of these are com mon inhabitants of the human oral cavities [13].…”

“…In our case, the strain dis played decent sensitivity to levofloxacin (minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] s o .5 ), although the patient's symp toms did not initially improve. Similarly, there have been two reported cases of treatment failures with fluoroquinolones [2,7]. These reports suggest that susceptibility tests of these species were somewhat uncertain regarding clinical applica tions, as is often the case with nocardiosis and fungal infec tions.…”