A first look at paleotemperature prospects from Mg in coccolith carbonate: Cleaning techniques and culture measurements

Stoll, Heather; Encinar, Jorge Ruiz; Alonso, J. Ignacio García; Rosenthal, Yair; Probert, Ian; Klaas, Christine

doi:10.1029/2000gc000144

Cited by 74 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Work with abiogenic calcites suggests that in the range of 2 to 10 mol% Mg, increasing incorporation of Mg favors increased Sr incorporation (Mucci and Morse, 1983). While this may be the case for foraminifera, with of 0.3 to 1.5 mol% MgCO 3 and 0.1 mol% SrCO 3 , it is unclear if this mechanism would be operative at the low Mg/Ca and high Sr/Ca of coccolith calcite (0.02% MgCO 3 in some of our cultures; Stoll et al, 2001). Regardless, if Mg partitioning reflects temperature variation, and Sr partitioning reflects both variation in temperature and calcification rates, combined measurements may permit resolution of both factors.…”

Section: Prospects For Paleoceanographymentioning

confidence: 85%

Calcification rate and temperature effects on Sr partitioning in coccoliths of multiple species of coccolithophorids in culture

Stoll

2002

Global and Planetary Change

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Five common placolith-bearing coccolithophorid algae-Gephyrocapsa oceanica, Coccolithus pelagicus, Calcidiscus leptoporus, Umbilicosphaera sibogae (var. sibogae and var. foliosa), and Emiliania huxleyi-were cultured to investigate controls on Sr partitioning in coccolith calcite. For identical temperature and media composition, Sr partitioning varies by more than 30% in exponential phase cultures of the five species and is linearly related to rates of calcite production/cell (q=0.91). Exponential phase culture experiments with three strains of C. leptoporus and six strains of G. oceanica at varying temperatures show variations in Sr partitioning of 20% and 30%, respectively. With C. leptoporus, Sr partitioning is equally correlated with temperature and calcification rate (q=0.8), which themselves are highly correlated; the slope of the relationship between D Sr and calcification rate is comparable to that observed in all species at constant temperature. However, in G. oceanica, increased temperature appears to enhance Sr incorporation by up to 2% to 1.6% jC À1 in the range of 15 to 30 jC. The strong influence of calcification rate on Sr partitioning may be useful for inferring past variations in coccolithophorid productivity from Sr partitioning in coccolith sediments if the influence of temperature on Sr partitioning can be resolved. Because the relationship between calcite production and Sr partitioning is linear, a proportional change in calcification should be expressed much more strongly in the Sr/Ca ratio of large species with rapid calcite production than in smaller species, which produce calcite more slowly. Consequently, it may be possible to separate temperature and calcification influences on coccolith Sr/Ca by separately analyzing Sr/Ca in species that produce calcite rapidly and those that produce calcite slowly, if both undergo comparable relative changes in calcification rates. D

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Section: Prospects For Paleoceanographymentioning

confidence: 85%

Calcification rate and temperature effects on Sr partitioning in coccoliths of multiple species of coccolithophorids in culture

Stoll

2002

Global and Planetary Change

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“…Seawater was weighed (1416B MP8-1, Sartorius AG, Germany) and titrated with 0.005 N hydrochloric acid in an automatic titrator (Titrando 808, Deutsche Metrohm GmbH & Co. KG, Germany); the average precision between duplicate water samples was B4 lmol kg -1 . DIC was measured photochemically following Stoll et al (2001) using an automated segmented flow analyser (QuAAtro, Bran?Luebbe, Germany) equipped with an autosampler (±5 lmol kg -1 precision). Both, TA and DIC were calibrated with certified seawater reference material (CRM standards supplied by Andrew Dickson, Scripps Institution of Oceanography).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sponge bioerosion accelerated by ocean acidification across species and latitudes?

et al. 2014

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In many marine biogeographic realms, bioeroding sponges dominate the internal bioerosion of calcareous substrates such as mollusc beds and coral reef framework. They biochemically dissolve part of the carbonate and liberate so-called sponge chips, a process that is expected to be facilitated and accelerated in a more acidic environment inherent to the present global change. The bioerosion capacity of the demosponge Cliona celata Grant, 1826 in subfossil oyster shells was assessed via alkalinity anomaly technique based on 4 days of experimental exposure to three different levels of carbon dioxide partial pressure (pCO 2 ) at ambient temperature in the coldtemperate waters of Helgoland Island, North Sea. The rate of chemical bioerosion at present-day pCO 2 was quantified with 0.08-0.1 kg m -2 year -1 . Chemical bioerosion was positively correlated with increasing pCO 2 , with rates more than doubling at carbon dioxide levels predicted for the end of the twenty-first century, clearly confirming that C. celata bioerosion can be expected to be enhanced with progressing ocean acidification (OA). Together with previously published experimental evidence, the present results suggest that OA accelerates sponge bioerosion (1) across latitudes and biogeographic areas, (2) independent of sponge growth form, and (3) for species with or without photosymbionts alike. A general increase in sponge bioerosion with advancing OA can be expected to have a significant impact on global carbonate (re)cycling and may result in widespread negative effects, e.g. on the stability of wild and farmed shellfish populations, as well as calcareous framework builders in tropical and cold-water coral reef ecosystems.

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“…The average precision between duplicate measurements was ≤4 µmol/kg. DIC was measured photochemically according to Stoll et al (2001) using an automated segmented flow analyzer (Bran+Luebbe, QuAAtro) equipped with an autosampler (± 10 µmol/kg accuracy and ± 5 µmol/kg precision). Both, TA and DIC were calibrated with certified seawater reference material (Dickson standard).…”

Section: Analyses Of Water Samplesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

Wisshak¹,

Form

Jakobsen³

et al. 2010

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. The rugged submarine topography of the Azores supports a diverse heterozoan association resulting in intense biotically-controlled carbonate-production and accumulation. In order to characterise this cold-water (C) factory a 2-year experiment was carried out in the southern Faial Channel to study the biodiversity of hardground communities and for budgeting carbonate production and degradation along a bathymetrical transect from the intertidal to bathyal 500 m depth.Seasonal temperatures peak in September (above a thermocline) and bottom in March (stratification diminishes) with a decrease in amplitude and absolute values with depth, and tidal-driven short-term fluctuations. Measured seawater stable isotope ratios and levels of dissolved nutrients decrease with depth, as do the calcium carbonate saturation states. The photosynthetic active radiation shows a base of the euphotic zone in ∼70 m and a dysphotic limit in ∼150 m depth.Bioerosion, being primarily a function of light availability for phototrophic endoliths and grazers feeding upon them, is ∼10 times stronger on the illuminated upside versus the shaded underside of substrates in the photic zone, with maximum rates in the intertidal (−631 g/m 2 /yr). Rates rapidly decline towards deeper waters where bioerosion and carbonate accretion are slow and epibenthic/endolithic communities take years to mature. Accretion rates are highest in the lower euphotic zone (955 g/m 2 /yr), where the substrate is less prone to hydrodynamic force. Highest rates are found -inversely to bioerosion -on down-facing substrates, suggesting that bioerosion may be a key factor governing the preferCorrespondence to: M. Wisshak (max.wisshak@gzn.uni-erlangen.de) ential settlement and growth of calcareous epilithobionts on down-facing substrates.In context of a latitudinal gradient, the Azores carbonate cycling rates plot between known values from the coldtemperate Swedish Kosterfjord and the tropical Bahamas, with a total range of two orders in magnitude. Carbonate budget calculations for the bathymetrical transect yield a mean 266.9 kg of epilithic carbonate production, −54.6 kg of bioerosion, and 212.3 kg of annual net carbonate production per metre of coastline in the Azores C factory.

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A first look at paleotemperature prospects from Mg in coccolith carbonate: Cleaning techniques and culture measurements

Cited by 74 publications

References 11 publications

Calcification rate and temperature effects on Sr partitioning in coccoliths of multiple species of coccolithophorids in culture

Calcification rate and temperature effects on Sr partitioning in coccoliths of multiple species of coccolithophorids in culture

Sponge bioerosion accelerated by ocean acidification across species and latitudes?

Temperate carbonate cycling and water mass properties from intertidal to bathyal depths (Azores)

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