A finite-element method of determining the effective mechanical characteristics of three-dimensional reinforced fiber composites

A multilevel analysis of deformation and fracture of filled polymeric coatings for tribotechnical application

“…Size of inclusions is, as a rule, less than the thickness of the coating by one or two orders that does not allow calculating Stress Strain State (SSS) of a coating by the finite-difference or finite-element methods explicitly by taking into account the inclusions using a common mesh for coating (products) integrally [11]. This might call for other structural features at smaller scales.…”

“…Therefore, at the SSS calculation of a coating formed from filled polymer material at the macrolevel (with dimension of a machine part) it is considered as a homogeneous one with average effective characteristics [6]. This approach can be justified when effective material characteristics are obtained using various averaging procedures [11]. At the same time assessment of the strength can be performed only being based on a detailed analysis of the SSS parameters since strength is a local and structure-dependent characteristic of a material.…”