A finite element approach for the prediction of the mechanical behaviour of layered composites produced by Continuous Filament Fabrication (CFF)

Galati, Manuela; Viccica, Marco; Minetola, Paolo

doi:10.1016/j.polymertesting.2021.107181

Cited by 20 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In the Fused Filament Fabrication, basic and support materials processes can be extruded, depending on the 3D printer equipment, using either the same nozzle, different ones [26], or present particular cases as Baumann and Scholz [27] in which the fiber is deposited above the partially fabricated specimen. In the case of the fabrication of composite parts [2,[26][27][28][29][30], usually it is necessary to use two independent nozzles, one for the matrix material and the other for the reinforcement fiber. FFF technology is presented as one of the most widespread due to its low manufacturing cost, the versatility of materials that can be used, and the flexibility it presents in terms of manufacturing parameters (limited in some manufacturers), but it also presents limitations, and perhaps the main one is the fact that parts made by FFF show an anisotropic behavior [25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Infill Pattern on Mechanical Behavior of Polymeric and Composites Specimens Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology

2021

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This paper presents the results of a comparative evaluation of the tensile strength behaviors of parts obtained by additive manufacturing using fused filament fabrication (FFF) technology. The study investigated the influences of the deposition printing parameters for both polymers and fiber-reinforced polymers. Polymeric materials that are widely used in FFF were selected, including acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polylactic acid (PLA), and nylon. Carbon and glass continuous fibers were used to reinforce the nylon matrix in composite materials. The study utilized two manufacturing methods. Polymers were manufactured using an Ultimaker 2 Extended+ device and the fiber-reinforced polymer specimens were obtained using a Markforged Mark Two printer. The entire set of specimens was eventually subjected to destructive monoaxial tensile tests to measure their responses. The main goal of this study was to estimate the effect of the different infill patterns applied (zig-zag, concentric, and four different orientations lines) on the mechanical properties of pure thermoplastic materials and reinforced polymers. Results show a spectacular increase in the tensile stress at break, which for polymers reaches an average value of 27.53 MPa compared to 94.51 MPa in the case of composites (increase of 70.87%). A similar increase occurs in the case of tensile stress at yield with values of 31.87 MPa and 105.98 MPa, respectively, which represents an increase of 69.93%. The influence of the infill of the fiber is decisive, reaching, in the 0-0 arrangement, mean values of 220.18 MPa for tensile stress at break and 198.26 MPa for tensile stress at yield.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Infill Pattern on Mechanical Behavior of Polymeric and Composites Specimens Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology

2021

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“…Salviato [ 9 ] analyzed the in-layer size effect of textile composite structures from both experimental and numerical aspects. Using the three-dimensional finite element method (FEM), Galatti et al [ 10 ] performed a preliminary prediction of the mechanical behavior for composite materials fabricated by continuous filament fabrication (CFF). Srivastava [ 11 ] predicted the effect of embedding graphene sheets (GSs) into the carbon matrix of 4D-C/C composites on the elastic modulus through the FEM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Thermo-Mechanical Properties of 8-Harness Satin-Woven C/C Composites by Asymptotic Homogenization

Ruan,

Lv,

et al. 2024

Materials

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The elasticity matrix and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of 8-harness satin-woven (8HS) carbon-fiber-reinforced carbon matrix (C/C) composites at high temperatures were obtained by the asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) and finite element method (FEM). By analyzing the microstructure of the 8HS C/C composites, a representative volume element (RVE) model considering a braided structure was established. The effects of the temperature and component volume fraction on the elasticity matrix and CTEs of the composites were investigated. The sensitivity of model parameters, including the size of RVE model and mesh sensitivity, were studied. The optimal calculation model was employed. In addition, the effects of the 4HS methods and 8HS methods on the elastic constants of the composites were compared. The temperature and variation in the carbon fiber volume fraction were found to have a significant impact on the elasticity matrix and CTEs of composite materials. At the same volume fraction of carbon fibers, some elastic coefficients of the 4HS composite material were slightly lower than those of 8HS composite material. This research affords a computational strategy for the accurate prediction of the themo-mechanical properties of satin-woven C/C composites.

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“…3D printing, also called additive manufacturing (AM), is a viable alternative to traditional processes 7–10 . Among different additive manufacturing processes, the continuous filament fabrication (CFF) approaches not only achieved the preparation of parts with complex material, structure and function but also enhanced the mechanical properties of AM products 11–13 . As a result of CCF approaches, the fabrication process of continuous fiber reinforced polymer composites has been revolutionized 14,15…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9][10] Among different additive manufacturing processes, the continuous filament fabrication (CFF) approaches not only achieved the preparation of parts with complex material, structure and function but also enhanced the mechanical properties of AM products. [11][12][13] As a result of CCF approaches, the fabrication process of continuous fiber reinforced polymer composites has been revolutionized. 14,15 3D printed continuous fiber reinforced composites (CFRC) have attracted increasing attention in recent years.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of heat‐treatment on compressive response of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites under different loading directions

Xiang

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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This paper investigated the effects of heat-treatment and loading directions on compressive properties of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites (CCFRC). After heat-treatment at different conditions, specimens with different stacking sequences were compressed under different loading directions. The effect of heat-treatment on the porosity and crystallinity of composites was investigated. The porosity of short carbon fiber reinforced composites decreased but that of CCFRC increased after heat-treatment at 200 C. The compressive properties of specimens were investigated in combination with changes in porosity and crystallinity. It was found that the compressive properties of composites usually increased with decreasing porosity induced by heattreatment. While the fiber direction was parallel to the applied loading direction, the yield strength of C-CCFRC and S-CCFRC increased from 208.1 to 281.6 MPa and from 218.5 to 264.4 MPa, respectively, though the porosity increased. After heat-treatment at 100 C for 4 h, the crack initiation of CCFRCs was delayed during compressive tests. Besides, heat-treatment could change failure modes of CCFRC after heat-treatment at 200 C for 4 h. More specifically, heat-treatment at 200 C for 4 h could result in delamination and a decrease in energy absorption of C-CCFRC (from 7.23 to 4.05 J).

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A finite element approach for the prediction of the mechanical behaviour of layered composites produced by Continuous Filament Fabrication (CFF)

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Influence of Infill Pattern on Mechanical Behavior of Polymeric and Composites Specimens Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology

Influence of Infill Pattern on Mechanical Behavior of Polymeric and Composites Specimens Manufactured Using Fused Filament Fabrication Technology

Prediction of Thermo-Mechanical Properties of 8-Harness Satin-Woven C/C Composites by Asymptotic Homogenization

Effect of heat‐treatment on compressive response of 3D printed continuous carbon fiber reinforced composites under different loading directions

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