A Fingerprint-Based Indoor Localization System Using IEEE 802.15.4 for Staying Room Detection

Abstract

Nowadays, indoor localization systems using IEEE 802.11 have been actively explored for location-based services, since GPS cannot identify floors or rooms in buildings. However, the user-side device is usually large and consumes high energy. In this paper, the authors propose a fingerprint-based indoor localization system using IEEE 802.15.4 that allows the use of a small device with a long-life battery, named FILS15.4. A user carries a small transmitter whose signal is received by multiple receivers simultaneously. The received signal strengths are compared with the fingerprints to find the current location. To address signal fluctuations caused by the low-power narrow-band signal, FILS15.4 limits one room as the localization unit, prepares plural fingerprints for each room, and allocates a sufficient number of receivers in the field. For evaluations, extensive experiments were conducted at #2 Engineering Building in Okayama University and confirmed high detection accuracy with sufficient numbers of receivers and fingerprints.

A Dynamic Indoor Localization with Movement Validation and Fingerprinting Technique under IEEE 802.15.4 Network

“…However, because of its narrow bandwidth and low data rate, the 802.15.4 suffers from greater signal fluctuation [26], [27], [28]. Then, in [9], we discovered that the received LQI is considerably higher and more stable when a transmitter is situated in the same room as the receiver. Conversely, when there is a considerable distance between the transmitter and receiver, the reception of LQI is significantly reduced and sometimes results in signal loss.…”

“…Such kind of experiment was presented in the earlier works [9], [12] with different numbers of receivers and types of layouts. The transmitters did not carry by any users and were placed stationary all the time.…”

“…1. In [9], the IEEE 802.15.4 devices were discussed to have fluctuation drawbacks especially when the distance between the transmitter and a particular receiver is quite far. At such time, packet loss is likely to occur and cause no LQI reception.…”

“…The IEEE 802.15.4 standards for wireless personal area networks, on the other hand, provide a compact, lightweight, and reasonably priced transmitter and have a long life when powered by a coin battery. Currently, we have been working on a Fingerprintbased Indoor Localization System using the IEEE802.15.4 protocol named FILS15.4 for convenience [9]. Devices from Mono Wireless are adopted in FILS15.4 and work under the IEEE802.15.4 known as the wireless personal area network (WPAN) protocol [10].…”

Three Diverse Applications of General-Purpose Parameter Optimization Algorithm

“…Based on this method, we are currently studying the fingerprint-based indoor localization system using the IEEE802.15.4 protocol, called FILS15.4 [1,16]. FILS15.4 uses the IEEE802.15.4 devices in Mono Wireless [2].…”