A Fifth core crime: Crime of ecocide as a new puzzle of the international criminal law

Abstract

The protection of the environment and above all the climate and energy crisis that destroys human life is a topic of debate at an international level for the protection of ecocide. However, so far we do not have a concrete and perfect notion, given that the term ecocide was born from biological science and not from jurists. International criminal law and especially the International Criminal Court (ICC) once again takes on the leading role. A new article is needed to introduce ecocide to the other crimes already punished by the Court. The time is right and now ripe and the international necessity demands, with the help of international criminal law, to further evolve this branch of international law, to protect peoples, to punish those who destroy the environment both in the period of peace and war and above all the large companies and multinationals that are protagonists of this crime. The case is clear enough, the conduct is broad in our day but it certainly includes the mens rea a ignorance to be punished as a crime. Of course we also speak of restorative or restorative international justice for this crime because we have an ethical need and demand towards future generations to take clear positions for the protection and human life.

Opportunities for Monitoring Soil and Land Development to Support United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Case Study of the United States of America (USA)

“…Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are not free and come with costs, which are challenging to estimate, but failure to do so may result in the ultimate cost of inaction to humanity-ecocide and the end of the Anthropocene [49,50]. The concept of social costs is increasingly being used to estimate damages associated with GHG emissions (e.g., SC-CO 2 ), however, these costs are not assessed or recovered by any administrative entity in the USA [20].…”