A field study on watching eyes and hand hygiene compliance in a public restroom

Pfattheicher, Stefan; Strauch, Christoph; Diefenbacher, Svenja; Schnuerch, Robert

doi:10.1111/jasp.12501

Cited by 32 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…These initiatives have often focused on behavioral changes that increase the environmental and social sustainability of their target contexts. Successful examples include both challenges directly related to environmental issues such as energy and water consumption [14,15], sustainable transport use [16,17], recycling [18,19] and food choices [20][21][22], as well as broader social sustainability issues such as alcohol consumption [23], hygiene [24,25], and harassment and violence [6,26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2019

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Behavioral change interventions based on social norms have proven to be a popular and cost-effective way in which both researchers and practitioners attempt to transform behavior in order to increase environmental and social sustainability in real-world contexts. In this paper, we present a systematic review of over 90 empirical studies that have applied behavioral change interventions based on social norms in field settings. Building on previous research about the sources of information that people use to understand social norms and other local determinants of behavior, we propose a framework organized along two axes that describe intervention context (situated interventions applied in the same context where the target behavior happens versus remote interventions that are applied away from that context) and type of normative information leveraged (interventions that provide summary information about a group versus interventions that expose participants to the opinions and behaviors of others). We also illustrate successful applications for each dimension, as well as the social, psychological and physical determinants of behavior that were leveraged to support change. Finally, based on our results, we discuss some of the elements and practical mechanisms that can be used by both researchers and practitioners to design more integral, effective and sustainable social norm intervention in the real world.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

et al. 2019

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“…Feeling observed and aware of our actions seems to be the factor that affects dishonesty. Furthermore, the simple presence of others can affect our behavior and performance in a task [20] and even just the presence of an image of a pair of eyes can make people feel more observed [28], and consequently, wash more their hands [30] or litter less in a cafeteria [13]. Studies also show that faces with direct gaze capture more our attention than avert gaze (e.g.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of a robotic agent on dishonest behavior

Petisca¹,

Paiva

Esteves

2020

Proceedings of the 20th ACM International Conference on Intelligent Virtual Agents

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Future human-robot interactions will have to consider different human traits. One human feature that may be affected by the presence of virtual agents or robots is human honesty. Will people try to take advantage in the presence of a robot/virtual agent? Some previous studies have shown that the physical presence of a robot can decrease cheating in humans. In this paper, we investigated if merely a simple video of a robot looking at the user was enough to affect human's cheating behavior. Further, we also investigated if the Honesty-Humility personality trait predicted cheating. We conducted a study with 160 participants that were randomly allocated to one of two conditions: (1) performing the task with a video of a robot looking at them, or (2) doing the task alone. Results showed that being alone or with a video of a robot produced equal levels of cheating and the Honesty-Humility dimension predicted cheating, particularly the fairness sub-domain was responsible for predicting cheating behavior. This study has implications for future scenarios where dishonesty might be tempting, and physical presence of an observer might not be possible. CCS CONCEPTS • Applied computing → Psychology; • Computer systems organization → Robotics; • Human-centered computing → User studies.

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“…Having movable eyes on the robot was especially important in this context, as people change their behaviour when they know they're being watched ("Hawthorne Effect") [14]. Also a field study by Pfattheicher et al [15] showed a significant increase of hand hygiene compliance when watching eyes were presented in a restroom. The eye mechanism was 3D printed with PLA material from a design published under the creative commons [16] which has two degrees of freedom (in the yaw and pitch axes), with a range of -45 to +45 degrees in each axis.…”

Section: B Eye Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Perception of a Social Robot to Promote Hand Washing among Children in a Rural Indian School

Unnikrishnan

Deshmukh

Ramesh

et al. 2019

2019 28th IEEE International Conference on Robot and Human Interactive Communication (RO-MAN)

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We introduce "Pepe", a social robot for encouraging proper handwashing behaviour among children. We discuss the motivation, the robot design and a pilot study conducted at a primary school located in the Western Ghats mountain ranges of Southern India with a significant presence of indigenous tribes. The study included individual & group interviews with a randomly selected sample of 45 children to gauge their perception of the Pepe robot across various dimensions including gender, animacy & technology acceptance. We also discuss some HRI implications for running user studies with rural children.

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A field study on watching eyes and hand hygiene compliance in a public restroom

Cited by 32 publications

References 55 publications

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

Using Social Norms to Change Behavior and Increase Sustainability in the Real World: a Systematic Review of the Literature

The effect of a robotic agent on dishonest behavior

Design and Perception of a Social Robot to Promote Hand Washing among Children in a Rural Indian School

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