1978
DOI: 10.2307/3800287
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A Field Guide to the Aging of Wood Duck Embryos

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1984
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Cited by 7 publications
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“…To date, most avian embryological studies have been in the chicken and have used Hamburger and Hamilton's (1951) article on chicken development. This classic article has been the main source of embryo staging information for nearly all species of birds for over 60 years and has provided the foundation for virtually all subsequent embryo staging work on precocial birds including the Wood Duck ( Aix sponsa , Montgomery et al, ), Canada Goose ( Branta Canadensis , Cooper and Batt, ), Northern Bobwhite ( Colinus virginianus , Hendrickx and Hanzlik, ), Ring‐Necked Pheasant ( Phasianus colchicus , Fant, ), and Domestic Turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo , Mun and Kosin,1960), as well as the semi‐precocial Adelie Penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae , Herbert, ). However, the progress of development can be quite different between commonly studied precocial species, such as chickens and altricial species such as songbirds (Ricklefs and Starck, ; Blom and Lilja, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To date, most avian embryological studies have been in the chicken and have used Hamburger and Hamilton's (1951) article on chicken development. This classic article has been the main source of embryo staging information for nearly all species of birds for over 60 years and has provided the foundation for virtually all subsequent embryo staging work on precocial birds including the Wood Duck ( Aix sponsa , Montgomery et al, ), Canada Goose ( Branta Canadensis , Cooper and Batt, ), Northern Bobwhite ( Colinus virginianus , Hendrickx and Hanzlik, ), Ring‐Necked Pheasant ( Phasianus colchicus , Fant, ), and Domestic Turkey ( Meleagris gallopavo , Mun and Kosin,1960), as well as the semi‐precocial Adelie Penguin ( Pygoscelis adeliae , Herbert, ). However, the progress of development can be quite different between commonly studied precocial species, such as chickens and altricial species such as songbirds (Ricklefs and Starck, ; Blom and Lilja, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In birds, the onset of hearing capacity is often linked to the timing of egg hatching, with many precocial bird species hatching later than altricial birds. For example, the average incubation time of precocial chickens and ducks is 21 and 28 days while for altricial zebra finches and budgerigars it is 14 and 18 days, respectively (Hamburger and Hamilton, 1951; Montgomery, Burke and Byers, 1978; Ar and Tazawa, 1999; Murray et al ., 2013).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Beyond chicken, embryology in other domesticated species of Galliformes was also described in the 20th century (Clark, 1960;Fant, 1957;Hendrickx & Hanzlik, 1965;Labisky & Opsahl, 1958;Mun & Kosin, 1960;Smith Padgett & Ivey, 1960;Wilhelm & Robertson, 1941;Williams & Phiillips, 1944). Although domesticated lineages outside of Galliformes were also studied (duck and goose; Cooper & Batt, 1972;Koecke, 1958;Montgomery et al, 1978), the diversity of species in which embryonic development has been studied in detail remains low compared to mammals (Cordero et al, 2020;Hopwood, 2007;Werneburg & Geiger, 2016).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Beyond chicken, embryology in other domesticated species of Galliformes was also described in the 20th century (Clark, 1960; Fant, 1957; Hendrickx & Hanzlik, 1965; Labisky & Opsahl, 1958; Mun & Kosin, 1960; Smith Padgett & Ivey, 1960; Wilhelm & Robertson, 1941; Williams & Phiillips, 1944). Although domesticated lineages outside of Galliformes were also studied (duck and goose; Cooper & Batt, 1972; Koecke, 1958; Montgomery et al, 1978), the diversity of species in which embryonic development has been studied in detail remains low compared to mammals (Cordero et al, 2020; Hopwood, 2007; Werneburg & Geiger, 2016). As such, Butler and Juurlink's (1987) Atlas for Staging Mammalian and Chick Embryos included 14 representative mammalian species and prioritized chicken as the comparative reference for birds, which continues to be the case today (Bellairs & Osmond, 2014; Bronner‐Fraser, 2008; Stern, 2018).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%